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Ulmus minor 'Umbraculifera Gracilis'

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Ulmus minor 'Umbraculifera Gracilis'
'Umbraculifera Gracilis', Royal Botanic Gardens, Edinburgh
SpeciesUlmus minor
Cultivar'Umbraculifera Gracilis'
OriginSpäth nursery, Berlin, Germany

The Field Elm cultivar Ulmus minor 'Umbraculifera Gracilis' was obtained as a sport of 'Umbraculifera' by the Späth nursery of Berlin c.1897.[1][2][3] It was marketed by the Späth nursery in the early 20th century,[4] and by the Hesse Nursery of Weener, Germany, in the 1930s.[5]

Description

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The tree is distinguished by its long oval crown,[2][6] but with thinner branches and smaller leaves than 'Umbraculifera'.[7][8]

  • 'Umbraculifera Gracilis', Bruntsfield Links, Edinburgh (1989)
    'Umbraculifera Gracilis', Bruntsfield Links, Edinburgh (1989)
  • 'Umbraculifera Gracilis', winter, Royal Botanic Garden, Edinburgh
    'Umbraculifera Gracilis', winter, Royal Botanic Garden, Edinburgh
  • Foliage, RBGE, October
    Foliage, RBGE, October
  • Pressed leaves of Bruntsfield Links specimen
    Pressed leaves of Bruntsfield Links specimen
  • Bole, RBGE, showing graft-mark bottom right
    Bole, RBGE, showing graft-mark bottom right
  • Trunk and branching of Bruntsfield Links tree
    Trunk and branching of Bruntsfield Links tree

Pests and diseases

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The cultivar is susceptible to Dutch elm disease.

Cultivation

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The only known surviving specimens are in the United States and Scotland (see 'Accessions' and 'Notable trees'). Henry (1913) mentions no example at Kew,[2] though a specimen had been planted there by 1902.[9] A specimen obtained from Späth stood in the Ryston Hall arboretum, Norfolk,[10] in the early 20th century.[11] 'Umbraculifera Gracilis' has been included in the propagation programme (2017) of Royal Botanic Garden Edinburgh.[12]

  • 'Umbraculifera Gracilis', Bruntsfield Links, Edinburgh (April 2015)
    'Umbraculifera Gracilis', Bruntsfield Links, Edinburgh (April 2015)
  • Same (October 2016)
    Same (October 2016)
  • Bark and foliage of same
    Bark and foliage of same
  • Early autumn colour of same (2014)
    Early autumn colour of same (2014)

Notable trees

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Three trees supplied by Späth to the Royal Botanic Garden Edinburgh (RBGE) in 1902 as U. campestris umbraculifera gracilis[13][14] survive in Edinburgh (2019). The two oldest, planted in the Garden itself (one of which is base-grafted), were long known by an updated version of Melville's name for them, U. plotii × U. carpinifolia [15][16] (:U. minor 'Plotii' × U. minor).[17] It is known that Melville renamed some of Späth's trees at RBGE in 1958.[18] These two were, according to one RBGE herbarium sheet, formerly called U. campestris umbraculifera,[15] the name of the parent tree (not present in RBGE) of 'Umbraculifera Gracilis'. A herbarium specimen from Amsterdam labelled U. carpinifolia Gled. f. 'Gracilis' var. (Späth) Rehd. matches the Edinburgh trees.[19] Taken together, the evidence suggested that the three Edinburgh trees (the third, with smaller bole-girth, is on Bruntsfield Links) were the clone Späth supplied as U. campestris 'Umbraculifera Gracilis', an identification confirmed in 2016 by RBGE.[20] It is not known why Melville was permitted to disregard the trees' documented Central Asian provenance, and pronounce them hybrids of Plot Elm, a local variety of English field elm.

  • The second, ungrafted, RBGE 'Umbraculifera Gracilis' (1989)
    The second, ungrafted, RBGE 'Umbraculifera Gracilis' (1989)
  • Same (October 2016)
    Same (October 2016)

Synonymy

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  • Ulmus carpinifolia var. gracilis: Krüssmann [2], Handbuch der Laubgehölze 2: 534, 1962.
  • Ulmus camp. umbraculifera nova[21]

Accessions

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North America

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Europe

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  • Royal Botanic Garden Edinburgh, UK. Acc. nos. 19699358, 19699365

Nurseries

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Europe

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  • Centrum voor Botanische Verrijking vzw, Kampenhout, Belgium. ('Umbraculifera' listed separately to 'Umbraculifera Gracilis').[22]
  • Baumschulen Bauch GbR, Rheinbach, Germany. [23]

References

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  1. ^ Späth, L., Catalogue 104 (1899–1900; Berlin), p.133
  2. ^ a b c Elwes, Henry John; Henry, Augustine (1913). The Trees of Great Britain & Ireland. Vol. 7. p. 1893.
  3. ^ kiki.huh.harvard.edu, [1]
  4. ^ Katalog (PDF). Vol. 108. Berlin, Germany: L. Späth Baumschulenweg. 1902–1903. pp. 132–133.
  5. ^ Hesse, Hermann Albert (1932). Preis- und Sortenliste. pp. 96–97. Retrieved 18 January 2018.
  6. ^ Green, Peter Shaw (1964). "Registration of cultivar names in Ulmus". Arnoldia. 24 (6–8). Arnold Arboretum, Harvard University: 41–80. Retrieved 16 February 2017.
  7. ^ Krüssmann, Johann Gerd (1984). Manual of Cultivated Broad-Leaved Trees and Shrubs. Vol. 3. p. 406.
  8. ^ "Herbarium specimen - WAG.1853132". Botany catalogues. Naturalis Biodiversity Center. Sheet described as U. carpinifolia Gled. f. 'Gracilis' var. (Späth) Rehd. (Amsterdam specimen)
  9. ^ Hand-list of trees and shrubs, excluding Coniferae, grown in Arboretum Kew Gardens (London, 1902), p.615
  10. ^ rystonhall.co.uk/
  11. ^ Ryston Hall Arboretum catalogue. c. 1920. pp. 13–14.
  12. ^ Dr Max Coleman, 'Strange fruit offer lifeline to rare elms', Royal Botanic Garden Edinburgh; stories.rbge.org.uk
  13. ^ Accessions book. Royal Botanic Garden Edinburgh. 1902. pp. 45, 47.
  14. ^ "Herbarium specimen - E00824851". Herbarium Catalogue. Royal Botanic Garden Edinburgh. Sheet described as U. campestris umbraculifera gracilis (RBGE specimen, 1902); "Herbarium specimen - E00824850". Herbarium Catalogue. Royal Botanic Garden Edinburgh. Sheet described as U. campestris umbraculifera gracilis (RBGE specimen, 1902); "Herbarium specimen - E00824849". Herbarium Catalogue. Royal Botanic Garden Edinburgh. Sheet described as U. campestris umbraculifera gracilis (RBGE specimen, 1902)
  15. ^ a b "Herbarium specimen - L.1586788". Botany catalogues. Naturalis Biodiversity Center. Sheet described as U. campestris umbraculifera (RBGE specimen C2717); renamed U. plotii × U. carpinifolia by Melville
  16. ^ "Herbarium specimen - L.1586789". Botany catalogues. Naturalis Biodiversity Center. Cultivar name not given (RBGE specimen C2714); renamed U. plotii × U. carpinifolia by Melville; "Herbarium specimen - E00824800". Herbarium Catalogue. Royal Botanic Garden Edinburgh. Cultivar name not given (RBGE specimen C2714); renamed U. plotii × U. carpinifolia by Melville
  17. ^ "Herbarium specimen - WAG.1853131". Botany catalogues. Naturalis Biodiversity Center. Sheet described as U. carpinifolia Gled. f. 'Gracilis' var. (Späth) Rehd. (Amsterdam specimen)
  18. ^ RBGE Cultivated Herbarium Accessions Book: October 1958 notes by Ronald Melville on elm specimens on Azalea Lawn
  19. ^ Other herbarium leaf-specimens labelled U. carpinifolia Gled. cv. 'Gracilis' var. Späth, however, from Haarlem and Dahlem, appear to show a clone different from the Amsterdam specimen: "Herbarium specimen - WAG.1853133". Botany catalogues. Naturalis Biodiversity Center. Sheet described as U. carpinifolia Gled. var. 'Gracilis' var. (Späth) Rehd.; formerly named U. scabra Mill. × U. campestris var. umbraculifera and as U. umbraculifera gracilis (Haarlem specimen); "Herbarium specimen - L.1586951". Botany catalogues. Naturalis Biodiversity Center. Sheet described as U. carpinifolia Gled. cv. 'Gracilis' var. Späth; formerly known as 'U. montana umbraculifera gracilis' (Dahlem Hortus specimen, 1925).
  20. ^ "List of Living Accessions: Ulmus". Royal Botanic Garden Edinburgh. Retrieved 21 September 2016.
  21. ^ Späth, F. (1896). "Einige neue und seltene gehölze der Späth'schen Baumschule". Mitteilungen der Deutschen dendrologischen gesellschaft. 5: 28. Retrieved 21 December 2016.
  22. ^ Centrum voor Botanische Verrijking vzw: Voorraadlijst, accessdate: November 2, 2016
  23. ^ Baumschulen Bauch GbR: Sortimentsliste 2016-17, accessdate: November 2, 2016
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