βραχύς

Ancient Greek

Etymology

From Proto-Hellenic *brəkʰús, from Proto-Indo-European *mréǵʰus (“short, brief”).

Cognates include Sanskrit मुहुर् (múhur), मुहु (múhu), Avestan 𐬩𐬆𐬭𐬆𐬰𐬎⸱𐬘𐬍𐬙𐬌 (m̨ər^əzu.jīti, “short-lived”), Latin brevis, Old English miriġe (English merry), and Albanian murriz.

Pronunciation

 

• IPA^(key): /bra.kʰýs/ → /βraˈçys/ → /vraˈçis/

• (5^th BCE Attic) IPA^(key): /bra.kʰýs/
• (1^st CE Egyptian) IPA^(key): /braˈkʰys/
• (4^th CE Koine) IPA^(key): /βraˈçys/
• (10^th CE Byzantine) IPA^(key): /vraˈçys/
• (15^th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA^(key): /vraˈçis/

Adjective

βρᾰχῠ́ς • (brakhús) m (feminine βρᾰχεῖᾰ, neuter βρᾰχῠ́); first/third declension

1. (of time) short, brief
2. (of distance, height) short, small, little
3. few
4. (of importance) humble, insignificant
5. (grammar, of vowels) short

Declension

First and third declension of βρᾰχῠ́ς; βρᾰχεῖᾰ; βρᾰχῠ́ (Attic)

Number		Singular				Dual				Plural
Case/Gender		Masculine	Feminine	Neuter		Masculine	Feminine	Neuter		Masculine	Feminine	Neuter
Nominative		βρᾰχῠ́ς brakhús	βρᾰχεῖᾰ brakheîa	βρᾰχῠ́ brakhú		βρᾰχέε brakhée	βρᾰχείᾱ brakheíā	βρᾰχέε brakhée		βρᾰχεῖς brakheîs	βρᾰχεῖαι brakheîai	βρᾰχέᾰ brakhéa
Genitive		βρᾰχέος brakhéos	βρᾰχείᾱς brakheíās	βρᾰχέος brakhéos		βρᾰχέοιν brakhéoin	βρᾰχείαιν brakheíain	βρᾰχέοιν brakhéoin		βρᾰχέων brakhéōn	βρᾰχειῶν brakheiôn	βρᾰχέων brakhéōn
Dative		βρᾰχεῖ brakheî	βρᾰχείᾳ brakheíāi	βρᾰχεῖ brakheî		βρᾰχέοιν brakhéoin	βρᾰχείαιν brakheíain	βρᾰχέοιν brakhéoin		βρᾰχέσῐ / βρᾰχέσῐν brakhési(n)	βρᾰχείαις brakheíais	βρᾰχέσῐ / βρᾰχέσῐν brakhési(n)
Accusative		βρᾰχῠ́ν brakhún	βρᾰχεῖᾰν brakheîan	βρᾰχῠ́ brakhú		βρᾰχέε brakhée	βρᾰχείᾱ brakheíā	βρᾰχέε brakhée		βρᾰχεῖς brakheîs	βρᾰχείᾱς brakheíās	βρᾰχέᾰ brakhéa
Vocative		βρᾰχῠ́ brakhú	βρᾰχεῖᾰ brakheîa	βρᾰχῠ́ brakhú		βρᾰχέε brakhée	βρᾰχείᾱ brakheíā	βρᾰχέε brakhée		βρᾰχεῖς brakheîs	βρᾰχεῖαι brakheîai	βρᾰχέᾰ brakhéa
Derived forms		Adverb				Comparative				Superlative
		βρᾰχέως brakhéōs				βρᾰχῠ́τερος / βραχῑ́ων brakhúteros / brakhī́ōn				βρᾰχῠ́τᾰτος / βρᾰ́χιστος brakhútatos / brákhistos
Notes:		This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For declension in other dialects, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal declension.

First and third declension of βρᾰχῠ́ς; βρᾰχέᾰ; βρᾰχῠ́ (Ionic)

Number		Singular				Dual				Plural
Case/Gender		Masculine	Feminine	Neuter		Masculine	Feminine	Neuter		Masculine	Feminine	Neuter
Nominative		βρᾰχῠ́ς brakhús	βρᾰχέᾰ brakhéa	βρᾰχῠ́ brakhú		βρᾰχέε brakhée	βρᾰχέᾱ brakhéā	βρᾰχέε brakhée		βρᾰχεῖς brakheîs	βρᾰχέαι brakhéai	βρᾰχέᾰ brakhéa
Genitive		βρᾰχέος brakhéos	βρᾰχέης brakhéēs	βρᾰχέος brakhéos		βρᾰχέοιν brakhéoin	βρᾰχέαιν brakhéain	βρᾰχέοιν brakhéoin		βρᾰχέων brakhéōn	βρᾰχεέων / βρᾰχεῶν brakheéōn / brakheôn	βρᾰχέων brakhéōn
Dative		βρᾰχεῖ brakheî	βρᾰχέῃ brakhéēi	βρᾰχεῖ brakheî		βρᾰχέοιν brakhéoin	βρᾰχέαιν brakhéain	βρᾰχέοιν brakhéoin		βρᾰχέσῐ / βρᾰχέσῐν brakhési(n)	βρᾰχέῃσῐ / βρᾰχέῃσῐν brakhéēisi(n)	βρᾰχέσῐ / βρᾰχέσῐν brakhési(n)
Accusative		βρᾰχῠ́ν brakhún	βρᾰχέᾰν brakhéan	βρᾰχῠ́ brakhú		βρᾰχέε brakhée	βρᾰχέᾱ brakhéā	βρᾰχέε brakhée		βρᾰχέᾰς brakhéas	βρᾰχέᾱς brakhéās	βρᾰχέᾰ brakhéa
Vocative		βρᾰχῠ́ brakhú	βρᾰχέᾰ brakhéa	βρᾰχῠ́ brakhú		βρᾰχέε brakhée	βρᾰχέᾱ brakhéā	βρᾰχέε brakhée		βρᾰχεῖς brakheîs	βρᾰχέαι brakhéai	βρᾰχέᾰ brakhéa
Derived forms		Adverb				Comparative				Superlative
		βρᾰχέως brakhéōs				βρᾰχῠ́τερος brakhúteros				βρᾰχῠ́τᾰτος brakhútatos
Notes:		Dialects other than Attic are not well attested. Some forms may be based on conjecture. Use with caution.

Antonyms

• μακρός (makrós), δολιχός (dolikhós)

Derived terms

• ἀμφίβραχυς (amphíbrakhus)
• βρᾰ́χεᾰ (brákhea)
• βρᾰχεῖᾰ (brakheîa)
• βρᾰχῑ́ων (brakhī́ōn)
• βρᾰχῠδᾰ́κτῠλος (brakhudáktulos)
• βρᾰχῠ́νω (brakhúnō)
• βραχύτης (brakhútēs)
• τρῐ́βρᾰχῠς (tríbrakhus)

 

References

• “βραχύς”, in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• “βραχύς”, in Liddell & Scott (1889) An Intermediate Greek–English Lexicon, New York: Harper & Brothers
• βραχύς in Bailly, Anatole (1935) Le Grand Bailly: Dictionnaire grec-français, Paris: Hachette
• Bauer, Walter et al. (2001) A Greek–English Lexicon of the New Testament and Other Early Christian Literature, Third edition, Chicago: University of Chicago Press
• βραχύς in the Diccionario Griego–Español en línea (2006–2024)
• “βραχύς”, in Slater, William J. (1969) Lexicon to Pindar, Berlin: Walter de Gruyter
• G1024 in Strong, James (1979) Strong’s Exhaustive Concordance to the Bible
• Woodhouse, S. C. (1910) English–Greek Dictionary: A Vocabulary of the Attic Language‎^[1], London: Routledge & Kegan Paul Limited.
  • brief idem, page 98.
  • compendious idem, page 150.
  • cursory idem, page 191.
  • diminutive idem, page 225.
  • distant idem, page 240.
  • faint idem, page 302.
  • fleet idem, page 327.
  • humble idem, page 409.
  • hurried idem, page 411.
  • inglorious idem, page 440.
  • insensible idem, page 444.
  • insignificant idem, page 445.
  • jejune idem, page 462.
  • languid idem, page 475.
  • limited idem, page 492.
  • little idem, page 495.
  • low idem, page 502.
  • meagre idem, page 519.
  • mean idem, page 519.
  • measured idem, page 521.
  • minor idem, page 531.
  • minute idem, page 532.
  • obscure idem, page 566.
  • paltry idem, page 590.
  • petty idem, page 609.
  • remote idem, page 694.
  • scant idem, page 737.
  • short idem, page 768.
  • slender idem, page 783.
  • slight idem, page 784.
  • small idem, page 786.
  • stunted idem, page 829.
  • succinct idem, page 834.
  • trifling idem, page 895.
  • trivial idem, page 896.
  • unimportant idem, page 922.