καλοήθης

Ancient Greek

Etymology

From καλο- (kalo-, “good”) + -ήθης (-ḗthēs, “of character”) from Ancient Greek καλός (kalós, “beautiful, good”), ἦθος n (êthos, “disposition, character”).

Pronunciation

 

• IPA^(key): /ka.loˈi.θis/ → /ka.loˈi.θis/

• (1^st CE Egyptian) IPA^(key): /ka.loˈe̝.tʰe̝s/
• (4^th CE Koine) IPA^(key): /ka.loˈi.θis/
• (10^th CE Byzantine) IPA^(key): /ka.loˈi.θis/
• (15^th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA^(key): /ka.loˈi.θis/

Adjective

κᾰλοήθης • (kaloḗthēs) m or f (neuter καλόηθες); third declension (Koine)

1. good-natured, virtuous
2. (substantive, in neuter) virtue
   • 161 CE – 180 CE, Marcus Aurelius, Meditations 1:

     Παρὰ τοῦ πάππου Οὐήρου τὸ καλόηθες καὶ ἀόργητον.

     Parà toû páppou Ouḗrou tò kalóēthes kaì aórgēton.

     From [my] grandfather Verus, [I inherited] good-natured character and absence of anger.

Inflection

Third declension of κᾰλοήθης; κᾰλόηθες (contracted, Attic)

Number		Singular			Dual			Plural
Case/Gender		Masculine / Feminine	Neuter		Masculine / Feminine	Neuter		Masculine / Feminine	Neuter
Nominative		κᾰλοήθης kaloḗthēs	κᾰλόηθες kalóēthes		κᾰλοήθει kaloḗthei	κᾰλοήθει kaloḗthei		κᾰλοήθεις kaloḗtheis	κᾰλοήθη kaloḗthē
Genitive		κᾰλοήθους kaloḗthous	κᾰλοήθους kaloḗthous		κᾰλοήθοιν kaloḗthoin	κᾰλοήθοιν kaloḗthoin		κᾰλοήθων kaloḗthōn	κᾰλοήθων kaloḗthōn
Dative		κᾰλοήθει kaloḗthei	κᾰλοήθει kaloḗthei		κᾰλοήθοιν kaloḗthoin	κᾰλοήθοιν kaloḗthoin		κᾰλοήθεσῐ / κᾰλοήθεσῐν kaloḗthesi(n)	κᾰλοήθεσῐ / κᾰλοήθεσῐν kaloḗthesi(n)
Accusative		κᾰλοήθη kaloḗthē	κᾰλόηθες kalóēthes		κᾰλοήθει kaloḗthei	κᾰλοήθει kaloḗthei		κᾰλοήθεις kaloḗtheis	κᾰλοήθη kaloḗthē
Vocative		κᾰλόηθες kalóēthes	κᾰλόηθες kalóēthes		κᾰλοήθει kaloḗthei	κᾰλοήθει kaloḗthei		κᾰλοήθεις kaloḗtheis	κᾰλοήθη kaloḗthē
Derived forms		Adverb			Comparative			Superlative
		κᾰλοήθως kaloḗthōs			κᾰλοηθέστερος kaloēthésteros			κᾰλοηθέστᾰτος kaloēthéstatos
Notes:		This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For declension in other dialects, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal declension.

References

• “καλοήθης”, in ΛΟΓΕΙΟΝ [Logeion] Dictionaries for Ancient Greek and Latin (in English, French, Spanish, German, Dutch and Chinese), University of Chicago, since 2011
• Dimitrakos, Dimitrios B. (²1964) Μέγα λεξικόν ὅλης τῆς Ἑλληνικῆς γλώσσης [Great Dictionary of the entire Greek Language] (in Greek), Athens: Hellenic Paideia 2nd edition in 15 vols. [1st edition 1930-1950 in 9 volumes] (abbreviations - of authors)

Greek

Etymology

From Koine Greek καλοήθης (kaloḗthēs, “good-natured”). In the medical sense, semantic loan from French bénin analogically to its antonym κᾰκοήθης (kakoḗthēs). Morphologically, καλο- (kalo-) + -ήθης (-ḗthēs, “of character”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /kaloˈiθis/
• Hyphenation: κα‧λο‧ή‧θης

Adjective

καλοήθης • (kaloḯthis) m (feminine καλοήθης, neuter καλόηθες)

1. (medicine) benign

   Μη φοβάστε! Είναι καλοήθης όγκος.

   Mi fováste! Eínai kaloḯthis ógkos.

   Do not fear! It is a benign tumour.

2. (rare, learned) good-natured, virtuous

Declension

Declension of καλοήθης

number  case \ gender	singular			plural
	masculine	feminine	neuter	masculine	feminine	neuter
nominative	καλοήθης •	καλοήθης •	καλόηθες •	καλοήθεις •	καλοήθεις •	καλοήθη •
genitive	καλοήθους • / καλοήθη •	καλοήθους •	καλοήθους •	καλοήθων •	καλοήθων •	καλοήθων •
accusative	καλοήθη •	καλοήθη •	καλόηθες •	καλοήθεις •	καλοήθεις •	καλοήθη •
vocative	καλοήθη •	καλοήθη •	καλόηθες •	καλοήθεις •	καλοήθεις •	καλοήθη •

Antonyms

• (antonym(s) of “medicine”): κακοήθης (kakoḯthis, “abominable, malicious”)

Related terms

• καλοήθεια (kaloḯtheia)

References

• καλοήθης, in Λεξικό της κοινής νεοελληνικής [Dictionary of Standard Modern Greek], Triantafyllidis Foundation, 1998 at the Centre for the Greek language
• καλοήθης - Babiniotis, Georgios (2002) Λεξικό της νέας ελληνικής γλώσσας: […] [Dictionary of Modern Greek (language)] (in Greek), 2nd edition, Athens: Kentro Lexikologias [Lexicology Centre], 1st edition 1998, →ISBN.