μαστιχάω
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Ancient Greek
[edit]Etymology
[edit]Related to μασάομαι (masáomai), of unknown origin. Traditionally, cognate with Latin mandō (“I chew”), from Proto-Indo-European *mendʰ- (“to chew”), but the correspondence is irregular and the suffix is reminiscent of Pre-Greek.[1]
This etymology is incomplete. You can help Wiktionary by elaborating on the origins of this term.
Pronunciation
[edit]- (5th BCE Attic) IPA(key): /mas.ti.kʰá.ɔː/
- (1st CE Egyptian) IPA(key): /mas.tiˈkʰa.o/
- (4th CE Koine) IPA(key): /mas.tiˈxa.o/
- (10th CE Byzantine) IPA(key): /mas.tiˈxa.o/
- (15th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA(key): /mas.tiˈxa.o/
Verb
[edit]μᾰστῐχᾰ́ω • (mastikháō)
Inflection
[edit] Present: μᾰστῐχᾰ́ω (Uncontracted)
number | singular | dual | plural | ||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
first | second | third | second | third | first | second | third | ||||||
active | indicative | μᾰστῐχᾰ́ω | μᾰστῐχᾰ́εις | μᾰστῐχᾰ́ει | μᾰστῐχᾰ́ετον | μᾰστῐχᾰ́ετον | μᾰστῐχᾰ́ομεν | μᾰστῐχᾰ́ετε | μᾰστῐχᾰ́ουσῐ(ν) | ||||
subjunctive | μᾰστῐχᾰ́ω | μᾰστῐχᾰ́ῃς | μᾰστῐχᾰ́ῃ | μᾰστῐχᾰ́ητον | μᾰστῐχᾰ́ητον | μᾰστῐχᾰ́ωμεν | μᾰστῐχᾰ́ητε | μᾰστῐχᾰ́ωσῐ(ν) | |||||
optative | μᾰστῐχᾰ́οιμῐ | μᾰστῐχᾰ́οις | μᾰστῐχᾰ́οι | μᾰστῐχᾰ́οιτον | μᾰστῐχᾰοίτην | μᾰστῐχᾰ́οιμεν | μᾰστῐχᾰ́οιτε | μᾰστῐχᾰ́οιεν | |||||
imperative | μᾰστῐ́χᾰε | μᾰστῐχᾰέτω | μᾰστῐχᾰ́ετον | μᾰστῐχᾰέτων | μᾰστῐχᾰ́ετε | μᾰστῐχᾰόντων | |||||||
active | |||||||||||||
infinitive | μᾰστῐχᾰ́ειν | ||||||||||||
participle | m | μᾰστῐχᾰ́ων | |||||||||||
f | μᾰστῐχᾰ́ουσᾰ | ||||||||||||
n | μᾰστῐχᾰ́ον | ||||||||||||
Notes: | This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For conjugation in dialects other than Attic, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation.
|
Present: μᾰστῐχῶ (Contracted)
number | singular | dual | plural | ||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
first | second | third | second | third | first | second | third | ||||||
active | indicative | μᾰστῐχῶ | μᾰστῐχᾷς | μᾰστῐχᾷ | μᾰστῐχᾶτον | μᾰστῐχᾶτον | μᾰστῐχῶμεν | μᾰστῐχᾶτε | μᾰστῐχῶσῐ(ν) | ||||
subjunctive | μᾰστῐχῶ | μᾰστῐχᾷς | μᾰστῐχᾷ | μᾰστῐχᾶτον | μᾰστῐχᾶτον | μᾰστῐχῶμεν | μᾰστῐχᾶτε | μᾰστῐχῶσῐ(ν) | |||||
optative | μᾰστῐχῴην, μᾰστῐχῷμῐ |
μᾰστῐχῴης, μᾰστῐχῷς |
μᾰστῐχῴη, μᾰστῐχῷ |
μᾰστῐχῷτον, μᾰστῐχῴητον |
μᾰστῐχῴτην, μᾰστῐχῳήτην |
μᾰστῐχῷμεν, μᾰστῐχῴημεν |
μᾰστῐχῷτε, μᾰστῐχῴητε |
μᾰστῐχῷεν, μᾰστῐχῴησᾰν | |||||
imperative | μᾰστῐ́χᾱ | μᾰστῐχᾱ́τω | μᾰστῐχᾶτον | μᾰστῐχᾱ́των | μᾰστῐχᾶτε | μᾰστῐχώντων | |||||||
active | |||||||||||||
infinitive | μᾰστῐχᾶν | ||||||||||||
participle | m | μᾰστῐχῶν | |||||||||||
f | μᾰστῐχῶσᾰ | ||||||||||||
n | μᾰστῐχῶν | ||||||||||||
Notes: | This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For conjugation in dialects other than Attic, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation.
|
Imperfect: ἐμᾰστῐ́χᾰον (Uncontracted)
number | singular | dual | plural | ||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
first | second | third | second | third | first | second | third | ||||||
active | indicative | ἐμᾰστῐ́χᾰον | ἐμᾰστῐ́χᾰες | ἐμᾰστῐ́χᾰε(ν) | ἐμᾰστῐχᾰ́ετον | ἐμᾰστῐχᾰέτην | ἐμᾰστῐχᾰ́ομεν | ἐμᾰστῐχᾰ́ετε | ἐμᾰστῐ́χᾰον | ||||
Notes: | This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For conjugation in dialects other than Attic, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation.
|
Imperfect: ἐμᾰστῐ́χων (Contracted)
number | singular | dual | plural | ||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
first | second | third | second | third | first | second | third | ||||||
active | indicative | ἐμᾰστῐ́χων | ἐμᾰστῐ́χᾱς | ἐμᾰστῐ́χᾱ | ἐμᾰστῐχᾶτον | ἐμᾰστῐχᾱ́την | ἐμᾰστῐχῶμεν | ἐμᾰστῐχᾶτε | ἐμᾰστῐ́χων | ||||
Notes: | This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For conjugation in dialects other than Attic, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation.
|
Future: μᾰστῐχήσω
number | singular | dual | plural | ||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
first | second | third | second | third | first | second | third | ||||||
active | indicative | μᾰστῐχήσω | μᾰστῐχήσεις | μᾰστῐχήσει | μᾰστῐχήσετον | μᾰστῐχήσετον | μᾰστῐχήσομεν | μᾰστῐχήσετε | μᾰστῐχήσουσῐ(ν) | ||||
optative | μᾰστῐχήσοιμῐ | μᾰστῐχήσοις | μᾰστῐχήσοι | μᾰστῐχήσοιτον | μᾰστῐχησοίτην | μᾰστῐχήσοιμεν | μᾰστῐχήσοιτε | μᾰστῐχήσοιεν | |||||
active | |||||||||||||
infinitive | μᾰστῐχήσειν | ||||||||||||
participle | m | μᾰστῐχήσων | |||||||||||
f | μᾰστῐχήσουσᾰ | ||||||||||||
n | μᾰστῐχῆσον | ||||||||||||
Notes: | This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For conjugation in dialects other than Attic, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation.
|
Aorist: ἐμᾰστῐ́χησᾰ
number | singular | dual | plural | ||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
first | second | third | second | third | first | second | third | ||||||
active | indicative | ἐμᾰστῐ́χησᾰ | ἐμᾰστῐ́χησᾰς | ἐμᾰστῐ́χησε(ν) | ἐμᾰστῐχήσᾰτον | ἐμᾰστῐχησᾰ́την | ἐμᾰστῐχήσᾰμεν | ἐμᾰστῐχήσᾰτε | ἐμᾰστῐ́χησᾰν | ||||
subjunctive | μᾰστῐχήσω | μᾰστῐχήσῃς | μᾰστῐχήσῃ | μᾰστῐχήσητον | μᾰστῐχήσητον | μᾰστῐχήσωμεν | μᾰστῐχήσητε | μᾰστῐχήσωσῐ(ν) | |||||
optative | μᾰστῐχήσαιμῐ | μᾰστῐχήσειᾰς, μᾰστῐχήσαις |
μᾰστῐχήσειε(ν), μᾰστῐχήσαι |
μᾰστῐχήσαιτον | μᾰστῐχησαίτην | μᾰστῐχήσαιμεν | μᾰστῐχήσαιτε | μᾰστῐχήσειᾰν, μᾰστῐχήσαιεν | |||||
imperative | μᾰστῐ́χησον | μᾰστῐχησᾰ́τω | μᾰστῐχήσᾰτον | μᾰστῐχησᾰ́των | μᾰστῐχήσᾰτε | μᾰστῐχησᾰ́ντων | |||||||
active | |||||||||||||
infinitive | μᾰστῐχῆσαι | ||||||||||||
participle | m | μᾰστῐχήσᾱς | |||||||||||
f | μᾰστῐχήσᾱσᾰ | ||||||||||||
n | μᾰστῐχῆσᾰν | ||||||||||||
Notes: | This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For conjugation in dialects other than Attic, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation.
|
Perfect: μεμᾰστῐ́χηκᾰ
number | singular | dual | plural | ||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
first | second | third | second | third | first | second | third | ||||||
active | indicative | μεμᾰστῐ́χηκᾰ | μεμᾰστῐ́χηκᾰς | μεμᾰστῐ́χηκε(ν) | μεμᾰστῐχήκᾰτον | μεμᾰστῐχήκᾰτον | μεμᾰστῐχήκᾰμεν | μεμᾰστῐχήκᾰτε | μεμᾰστῐχήκᾱσῐ(ν) | ||||
subjunctive | μεμᾰστῐχήκω | μεμᾰστῐχήκῃς | μεμᾰστῐχήκῃ | μεμᾰστῐχήκητον | μεμᾰστῐχήκητον | μεμᾰστῐχήκωμεν | μεμᾰστῐχήκητε | μεμᾰστῐχήκωσῐ(ν) | |||||
optative | μεμᾰστῐχήκοιμῐ, μεμᾰστῐχηκοίην |
μεμᾰστῐχήκοις, μεμᾰστῐχηκοίης |
μεμᾰστῐχήκοι, μεμᾰστῐχηκοίη |
μεμᾰστῐχήκοιτον | μεμᾰστῐχηκοίτην | μεμᾰστῐχήκοιμεν | μεμᾰστῐχήκοιτε | μεμᾰστῐχήκοιεν | |||||
imperative | μεμᾰστῐ́χηκε | μεμᾰστῐχηκέτω | μεμᾰστῐχήκετον | μεμᾰστῐχηκέτων | μεμᾰστῐχήκετε | μεμᾰστῐχηκόντων | |||||||
active | |||||||||||||
infinitive | μεμᾰστῐχηκέναι | ||||||||||||
participle | m | μεμᾰστῐχηκώς | |||||||||||
f | μεμᾰστῐχηκυῖᾰ | ||||||||||||
n | μεμᾰστῐχηκός | ||||||||||||
Notes: | This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For conjugation in dialects other than Attic, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation.
|
Pluperfect: ἐμεμᾰστῐχήκειν
number | singular | dual | plural | ||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
first | second | third | second | third | first | second | third | ||||||
active | indicative | ἐμεμᾰστῐχήκειν, ἐμεμᾰστῐχήκη |
ἐμεμᾰστῐχήκεις, ἐμεμᾰστῐχήκης |
ἐμεμᾰστῐχήκει(ν) | ἐμεμᾰστῐχήκετον | ἐμεμᾰστῐχηκέτην | ἐμεμᾰστῐχήκεμεν | ἐμεμᾰστῐχήκετε | ἐμεμᾰστῐχήκεσᾰν | ||||
Notes: | This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For conjugation in dialects other than Attic, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation.
|
Derived terms
[edit]- μαστίχη (mastíkhē)
Descendants
[edit]- → Latin: masticō (see there for further descendants)
References
[edit]- ^ Beekes, Robert S. P. (2010) “μασάομαι”, in Etymological Dictionary of Greek (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 10), with the assistance of Lucien van Beek, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 909
- “μαστιχάω”, in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
- “μαστιχάω”, in Liddell & Scott (1889) An Intermediate Greek–English Lexicon, New York: Harper & Brothers
- μαστιχάω in Bailly, Anatole (1935) Le Grand Bailly: Dictionnaire grec-français, Paris: Hachette