շիճուկ
Armenian
[edit]Alternative forms
[edit]- շճուկ (ščuk) — Bayburt
- շիջուգ (šiǰug), շդուգ (šdug) — Mush
- սիճուկ (sičuk) — Akhaltsikhe
- սուճուկ (sučuk) — Ararat
- շդուգ (šdug) — Alashkert
- շտուկ (štuk) — Moks
- սուջուխ (suǰux) — Sivas
Etymology
[edit]From Old Armenian շիճուկ (šičuk), շճուկ (ščuk). The dialectal forms with շդ- / շտ- (šd- / št-) developed from շճ- (šč-) by the process of deaffrication.[1]
Pronunciation
[edit]- (Eastern Armenian) IPA(key): /ʃiˈt͡ʃuk/, [ʃit͡ʃúk]
- (Western Armenian) IPA(key): /ʃiˈd͡ʒuɡ/, [ʃid͡ʒúɡ]
Audio (Eastern Armenian): (file)
Noun
[edit]շիճուկ • (šičuk)
- whey, buttermilk
- Synonym: շռատ (šṙat)
- (medicine) serum
Declension
[edit]| i-type, inanimate (Eastern Armenian) | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| singular | plural | |||
| nominative | շիճուկ (šičuk) | շիճուկներ (šičukner) | ||
| dative | շիճուկի (šičuki) | շիճուկների (šičukneri) | ||
| ablative | շիճուկից (šičukicʻ) | շիճուկներից (šičuknericʻ) | ||
| instrumental | շիճուկով (šičukov) | շիճուկներով (šičuknerov) | ||
| locative | շիճուկում (šičukum) | շիճուկներում (šičuknerum) | ||
| definite forms | ||||
| nominative | շիճուկը/շիճուկն (šičukə/šičukn) | շիճուկները/շիճուկներն (šičuknerə/šičuknern) | ||
| dative | շիճուկին (šičukin) | շիճուկներին (šičuknerin) | ||
| 1st person possessive forms (my) | ||||
| nominative | շիճուկս (šičuks) | շիճուկներս (šičukners) | ||
| dative | շիճուկիս (šičukis) | շիճուկներիս (šičukneris) | ||
| ablative | շիճուկիցս (šičukicʻs) | շիճուկներիցս (šičuknericʻs) | ||
| instrumental | շիճուկովս (šičukovs) | շիճուկներովս (šičuknerovs) | ||
| locative | շիճուկումս (šičukums) | շիճուկներումս (šičuknerums) | ||
| 2nd person possessive forms (your) | ||||
| nominative | շիճուկդ (šičukd) | շիճուկներդ (šičuknerd) | ||
| dative | շիճուկիդ (šičukid) | շիճուկներիդ (šičuknerid) | ||
| ablative | շիճուկիցդ (šičukicʻd) | շիճուկներիցդ (šičuknericʻd) | ||
| instrumental | շիճուկովդ (šičukovd) | շիճուկներովդ (šičuknerovd) | ||
| locative | շիճուկումդ (šičukumd) | շիճուկներումդ (šičuknerumd) | ||
Derived terms
[edit]- բուժաշիճուկ (bužašičuk)
- ծաղկաշիճուկ (caġkašičuk)
- կաթնաշիճուկ (katʻnašičuk)
- շիճուկաբուժություն (šičukabužutʻyun)
- շիճուկաբուժում (šičukabužum)
- շիճուկային (šičukayin)
- շտուկտիր (štuktir)
References
[edit]- ^ Martirosyan, Hrach (2010) Etymological Dictionary of the Armenian Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 8), Leiden and Boston: Brill, page 118
Further reading
[edit]- Ačaṙean, Hračʻeay (1913) “շիճուկ”, in Hayerēn gawaṙakan baṙaran [Armenian Provincial Dictionary] (Ēminean azgagrakan žoġovacu; 9) (in Armenian), Tiflis: Lazarev Institute of Oriental Languages, page 829a
- Ačaṙean, Hračʻeay (1977) “շիճ”, in Hayerēn armatakan baṙaran [Armenian Etymological Dictionary] (in Armenian), 2nd edition, a reprint of the original 1926–1935 seven-volume edition, volume III, Yerevan: University Press, page 518a
- Orbeli, I. A. (2002) “շըտուկ”, in Словарь наречия Мокса [Dictionary of Moks Dialect] (Избранные труды в двух томах; II.1)[2] (in Russian), Yerevan: Academy Press, →ISBN, page 302
Old Armenian
[edit]Alternative forms
[edit]- շճուկ (ščuk)
Etymology
[edit]The origin is uncertain.
Ačaṙean lists շիճուկ (šičuk) / շճուկ (ščuk) under the unattested root *շիճ- (*šič-, “straining, filtering”), together with շճեմ (ščem, “to seep, drip, trickle or to be full of serosity, of matter”) and possibly շիճ (šič, “grain spoilt by rain”), apparently formed with the suffix -ուկ (-uk), and leaves the origin open.[1] He treats Northern Kurdish şûjî (“whey”), Persian سجک (sajok, “buttermilk mingled with milk”) as Armenian borrowings. However, later he considers շիճուկ (šičuk) a borrowing from the Persian.[2] The Iranian origin is likely in view of Central Kurdish, Laki سِزِک (sizik), Southern Kurdish سِزِگ (sizig), سِزاو (sizaw), سِجِک (sicik, “whey”), Semnani [script needed] (sizna, “whey”). For the possible ultimate origin see շճեմ (ščem). For the assimilation of ս...ճ (s...č) to շ...ճ (š...č) see պատշաճ (patšač).
Unconvincing native etymologies have also been proposed, from Proto-Indo-European *ḱwey- (“to soil; mud; filth”), whence Latin caenum and possibly English whey, or from *skeyd- (“to split, divide”), whence ցտեմ (cʻtem).[3][4][5]
Dankoff derives dialectal Turkish cücük, cıcuk, cucuk, çuçuk (“ferment (starter) in making curds and cheese”), sücük (“fresh cheese in ring shape”), sücük, şuyük, şücük, şüjuk, şüyük, şüjük (“whey”), sücük, şücük, sücüyh, şücüyh, sucüyh (“water flowing from bag after yoghurt is poured in”) from Armenian.[6] If the Turkish words denoting "cheese starter" indeed belong here, then one may also connect Russian сычу́г (syčúg).
Kʿaǰuni has the unsuffixed form շիճ (šič, “whey”),[7] but it is probably spurious.
Noun
[edit]շիճուկ • (šičuk)
- whey, buttermilk
- 5th century, Yovhan Mandakuni, Čaṙkʻ [Sermons] :
- Այլ գինի և իւղ, ձու, ձուկն, պանիր, կոգի, կաղտի, բածին, շճուկ, կաթն, խեր, և ձկանմորէ, զայս բնաւ ամենևին չէ օրէն և ոչ վայել է ճաշակել ամենայն ումեք, մեծի և փոքու, արդարոյ և մեղաւորի։
- Ayl gini ew iwł, ju, jukn, panir, kogi, kałti, bacin, ščuk, katʻn, xer, ew jkanmorē, zays bnaw amenewin čʻē ōrēn ew očʻ vayel ē čašakel amenayn umekʻ, meci ew pʻokʻu, ardaroy ew meławori.
- Այլ գինի և իւղ, ձու, ձուկն, պանիր, կոգի, կաղտի, բածին, շճուկ, կաթն, խեր, և ձկանմորէ, զայս բնաւ ամենևին չէ օրէն և ոչ վայել է ճաշակել ամենայն ումեք, մեծի և փոքու, արդարոյ և մեղաւորի։
Descendants
[edit]- Armenian: շիճուկ (šičuk)
References
[edit]- ^ Ačaṙean, Hračʻeay (1977) “շիճ”, in Hayerēn armatakan baṙaran [Armenian Etymological Dictionary] (in Armenian), 2nd edition, a reprint of the original 1926–1935 seven-volume edition, volume III, Yerevan: University Press, page 518a
- ^ Ačaṙyan, Hračʻya (1940) Hayocʻ lezvi patmutʻyun [History of the Armenian Language] (in Armenian), volume I, Yerevan: University Press, page 320
- ^ Walde, Alois (1930) Julius Pokorny, editor, Vergleichendes Wörterbuch der indogermanischen Sprachen (in German), volume I, Berlin: de Gruyter, page 469
- ^ Džaukjan, G. B. (1967) Очерки по истории дописьменного периода армянского языка [An Outline of the History of the Pre-Literary Period of the Armenian Language][1] (in Russian), Yerevan: Academy Press, page 262
- ^ J̌ahukyan, Geworg (2010) “շիճ-”, in Vahan Sargsyan, editor, Hayeren stugabanakan baṙaran [Armenian Etymological Dictionary] (in Armenian), Yerevan: Asoghik, page 587
- ^ Dankoff, Robert (1995) Armenian Loanwords in Turkish (Turcologica; 21), Wiesbaden: Harrassowitz Verlag, § 560, page 116
- ^ Kʻaǰuni, Manuēl (1893) “շիճ”, in Baṙgirkʻ aruesticʻ ew gitutʻeancʻ ew gełecʻik dprutʻeancʻ. Hamaṙōt baṙgirkʻ gitutʻeancʻ ew aruesticʻ ew gełecʻik dprutʻeancʻ hayerēn-gałłieren [Dictionary of Arts and Sciences and Belles Lettres. Concise Armenian–French Dictionary of Arts and Sciences and Belles Lettres], volume III (overall work in Old Armenian and French), Venice: S. Lazarus Armenian Academy, page 185
Further reading
[edit]- Awetikʻean, G., Siwrmēlean, X., Awgerean, M. (1836–1837) “շիճ”, in Nor baṙgirkʻ haykazean lezui [New Dictionary of the Armenian Language] (in Old Armenian), Venice: S. Lazarus Armenian Academy
- Petrosean, Matatʻeay (1879) “շիճ”, in Nor Baṙagirkʻ Hay-Angliarēn [New Dictionary Armenian–English], Venice: S. Lazarus Armenian Academy
- Armenian terms inherited from Old Armenian
- Armenian terms derived from Old Armenian
- Armenian terms with IPA pronunciation
- Armenian terms with audio pronunciation
- Armenian lemmas
- Armenian nouns
- hy:Medicine
- hy:Dairy products
- Old Armenian terms with unknown etymologies
- Old Armenian terms borrowed from Iranian languages
- Old Armenian terms derived from Iranian languages
- Old Armenian lemmas
- Old Armenian nouns
- Old Armenian terms with quotations
- xcl:Dairy products