-kan

See also: Appendix:Variations of "kan"

Bambara

Suffix

-kan

1. language

Derived terms

Bambara terms suffixed with -kan

Garo

Affix

-kan

1. 3rd person imperative, let it

   tusikan

   let him sleep

Indonesian

Alternative forms

• -ken (Java Bazzar Malay)

Etymology

Inherited from Malay -kan, from Proto-Malayic *-kən, shortened form of Proto-Malayic *akən. Doublet of akan (“will (future tense auxiliary)”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /-kan/
• Rhymes: -an
• Hyphenation: -kan

Suffix

-kan (non-active/imperative/basic -kan, active meng- -kan, passive di- -kan)

1. used to indicate transitive imperative beneficial verbs

   Belikan aku sebatang pensil!

   Buy me a pencil!

2. used to indicate transitive imperative causative verb, from an intransitive verb base: to order and cause the object to perform [base].

   Bangunkan Siti!

   Wake up Siti!

3. used to indicate transitive imperative instrumental verb, from an intransitive verb base

   Tikamkan belati ini ke perut harimau itu!

   Thrust this knife into that tiger’s belly!

4. used to indicate transitive imperative locative verb, from a noun base.

   Pasarkan buku itu!

   Take that book to the market!

   Gudangkan kursi ini!

   Take this chair into the warehouse!

5. used to indicate transitive imperative causative verb, from a noun base.

   Korbankan dia!

   Sacrifice him!

Usage notes

• When this suffix is ​​combined with the prefixes meng-, di-, ter-, and ke-, the imperative aspect is lost.

Derived terms

Combined affixes

• ber- -kan
• di- -kan
• meng- -kan
• ter- -kan

 

Indonesian terms suffixed with -kan

Further reading

• “-kan” in Kamus Besar Bahasa Indonesia, Jakarta: Agency for Language Development and Cultivation – Ministry of Education, Culture, Research, and Technology of the Republic of Indonesia, 2016.

Japanese

Romanization

-kan

1. Rōmaji transcription of かん

Malay

Etymology

From Proto-Malayic *-kən, shortened form of Proto-Malayic *akən. Related to akan (“will (future tense auxiliary)”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /kan/
• Rhymes: -kan, -an

Suffix

-kan

1. Used to indicate transitive imperative verbs

   Belikan saya sebatang pen. ― Buy me a pen.

   Haramkan aktiviti ini. ― Ban this activity.

   • 1303 CE, Terengganu Inscription Stone:

     داٮع ٮرىكں، كامڡ[تْ]اورع ٮرٯهوٮع

     Datang berikan. Keempat orang berpiutan

     Come hither. The fourth for debtors.

2. (before an object) Used to form transitive verbs
   • 1371 CE [c. 1296–1316 CE], Kadi Hasan, Hikayat Bayan Budiman (fiction), translation of Tutinama by Ziya' al-Din Nakhshabi (in Persian); transcribed from Jawi script into the Latin alphabet Ekawati Ekawati, Doni Setiyawan, editors, Jakarta: Badan Pengembangan dan Pembinaan Bahasa, 2016, →ISBN:

     Sebagai pemimpin, Raja Bayan menyampaikan idenya kepada bayan-bayan yang lain.

     Like a leader, King Parrot told his plan to the other parrots.

Synonyms

• (before a person) -i

Derived terms

Malay terms suffixed with -kan

Ojibwe

Noun

-kan (obligatorily possessed)

1. bone

Derived terms

• gikan
• nikan
• okan

See also

• -gan (final for bone)
• -gan-

References

• The Ojibwe People's Dictionary https://ojibwe.lib.umn.edu/main-entry/nikan-nid

Pipil

Suffix

-kan

1. Forms nouns from verbs or adjectives

Further reading

• Campbell, L. (1985). The Pipil Language of El Salvador. Mouton De Gruyter. p.48

Turkish

	preceding vowel
	A / I / O / U	E / İ / Ö / Ü
default	-gan	-gen
assimilated	-kan	-ken

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /kan/

Suffix

-kan

1. Assimilated form of -gan after the vowels A / I / O / U.

   ‎gez- (“to wander, to go about”) + ‎-egen → ‎gezegen (“planet”)

   ‎çekin- (“to abstain, to hesitate”) + ‎-gen → ‎çekingen (“shy, reserved”)

   ‎çalış- (“to work, to study”) + ‎-kan → ‎çalışkan (“hardworking”)