Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/leyǵʰ-

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This Proto-Indo-European entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Indo-European

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Root

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*leyǵʰ- (imperfective)[1][2]

  1. to lick

Derived terms

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Terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *leyǵʰ- (21 c, 0 e)
  • *léyǵʰ-e-ti (thematic root present)
    • Proto-Indo-Iranian: *láyȷ́ʰati
      • Proto-Iranian: *láyjati (see there for further descendants)
  • *léy-loyǵʰ-ti ~ *léy-liǵʰ-n̥ti (intensive) (or only formed in Indo-Iranian[2])
    • Proto-Indo-Iranian: *láylayždʰi, *ráyrayždʰi ~ *láyliȷ́ʰáti, *ráyriȷ́ʰáti (see there for further descendants)
  • *lḗyǵʰ-s-t ~ *léyǵʰ-s-n̥t (s-aorist)
  • *liǵʰ-néh₂-ti ~ *liǵʰ-n̥h₂-énti[6][7]
    • Proto-Germanic: *likkōną (see there for further descendants)
      • ⇒ *likkraz (see there for further descendants)
  • *li-né-ǵʰ-ti ~ *li-n-ǵʰ-énti (nasal-infix present)[8]
    • Proto-Italic: *lingō
      • Latin: lingō (see there for further descendants)
  • *liǵʰ-nó-s
    • Proto-Hellenic: *líkʰnos
      • Ancient Greek: λίχνος (líkhnos, “gluttonous, lustful, covetous; desirable, delicious”)
        • ⇒ Ancient Greek: λιχνεύω (likhneúō, “to lick, taste by stealth; to crave”)[10]
  • *liǵʰ-tó-s (“licked”)
    • Proto-Indo-Iranian: *liždʰás, *riždʰás
      • Proto-Indo-Aryan: *liẓḍʰás, *riẓḍʰás
      • Proto-Iranian: *riždáh
        • Khotanese: [script needed] (rräṣṭe, ptc.trans.)
  • *loyǵʰ-o-s, *leyǵʰ-eh₂ (thematic nouns)[11]
    • Proto-Celtic: *leigā (“spoon”) (see there for further descendants)
    • Proto-Indo-Iranian: *layȷ́ʰas
      • Proto-Indo-Aryan: *layźʰas
        • Sanskrit: लेह (leha, “licker, sipper; that which is licked or sipped, syrup, food”)

References

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  1. ^ Pokorny, Julius (1959) “lei̯g̑h, slei̯g̑h”, in Indogermanisches etymologisches Wörterbuch [Indo-European Etymological Dictionary] (in German), volume 2, Bern, München: Francke Verlag, page 668
  2. ↑ 2.0 2.1 Rix, Helmut, editor (2001), “lei̯g̑ʰ”, in Lexikon der indogermanischen Verben [Lexicon of Indo-European Verbs] (in German), 2nd edition, Wiesbaden: Dr. Ludwig Reichert Verlag, →ISBN, page 404
  3. ^ Derksen, Rick (2008) “*līzàti”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Slavic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 4), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 280
  4. ^ Derksen, Rick (2015) “liežti”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Baltic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 13), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 285
  5. ^ Matasović, Ranko (2009) “*lig-o-”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Celtic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 9), Leiden: Brill, →ISBN, page 239
  6. ↑ 6.0 6.1 Guus Kroonen (2013) “*likkōn- 1”, in Alexander Lubotsky, editor, Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Germanic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 11)‎[1], Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 337
  7. ^ Guus Kroonen (2013) “*likkra-”, in Alexander Lubotsky, editor, Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Germanic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 11)‎[2], Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 338
  8. ^ De Vaan, Michiel (2008) “lingō, -ere”, in Etymological Dictionary of Latin and the other Italic Languages (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 7), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 343
  9. ^ Derksen, Rick (2015) “laižyti”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Baltic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 13), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 271
  10. ^ Beekes, Robert S. P. (2010) Etymological Dictionary of Greek (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 10), with the assistance of Lucien van Beek, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 846
  11. ^ Matasović, Ranko (2009) “*lēgā”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Celtic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 9), Leiden: Brill, →ISBN, pages 235-236
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