Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/krъxa

This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Slavic

Etymology

From Proto-Balto-Slavic *krušā́ˀ, from Proto-Indo-European *krows-.

Noun

*krъxà f

1. lump, chunk

Inflection

Declension of *krъxà (hard a-stem, accent paradigm b)

	singular	dual	plural
nominative	*krъxà	*krъ̀śě	*krъxỳ
genitive	*krъxỳ	*krъxù	*krъ̀xъ
dative	*krъśě̀	*krъxàma	*krъxàmъ
accusative	*krъxǫ̀	*krъ̀śě	*krъxỳ
instrumental	*krъxòjǫ, *krъ̀xǫ**	*krъxàma	*krъxàmī
locative	*krъśě̀	*krъxù	*krъxàsъ, *krъxàxъ*
vocative	*krъxo	*krъ̀śě	*krъxỳ

^* -asъ is the expected Balto-Slavic form but is found only in some Old Czech documents; -axъ is found everywhere else and is formed by analogy with other locative plurals in -xъ.
^** The second form occurs in languages that contract early across /j/ (e.g. Czech), while the first form occurs in languages that do not (e.g. Russian).

Declension of *krъxà (hard a-stem, accent paradigm c)

	singular	dual	plural
nominative	*krъxà	*krъ̏śě	*krъ̏xy
genitive	*krъxý	*krъxù	*krъ̀xъ
dative	*krъśě̀	*krъxàma	*krъxàmъ
accusative	*krъ̏xǫ	*krъ̏śě	*krъ̏xy
instrumental	*krъxojǫ́	*krъxàma	*krъxàmi
locative	*krъ̏śě	*krъxù	*krъxàsъ, *krъxàxъ*
vocative	*krъxo	*krъ̏śě	*krъ̏xy

^* -asъ is the expected Balto-Slavic form but is found only in some Old Czech documents; -axъ is found everywhere else and is formed by analogy with other locative plurals in -xъ.

Alternative forms

• *krъxъ m

Related terms

• *kruxъ
• *krъxъkъ, *krěxъkъ, *krъxъtъ

Descendants

• East Slavic:
  • Old East Slavic: кръха (krŭxa)
    • Old Ruthenian: *крыха (*kryxa)
      • Belarusian: крыха́ (kryxá)
      • Ukrainian: криха́ (kryxá)
    • Russian: кро́ха (króxa)
• South Slavic:
  • Old Church Slavonic: кръха (krŭxa)

From *krъxъ m

• Polish: krech
• Slovak: krh, krch
• Slovene: kŕh (tonal orthography) (obsolete)
  • ⇒ Slovene: kŕhelj (“fragment”)

From *krъxotina

• Serbo-Croatian:

  Cyrillic script: кр̀хотина

  Latin script: kr̀hotina

References

Further reading

• Vasmer, Max (1964–1973) “кроха́”, in Oleg Trubachyov, transl., Этимологический словарь русского языка [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), Moscow: Progress
• Trubachyov, Oleg, editor (1987), “*krъxa, *krъxъ”, in Этимологический словарь славянских языков [Etymological dictionary of Slavic languages] (in Russian), numbers 13 (*kroměžirъ – *kyžiti), Moscow: Nauka, page 51