布魯諾
焦爾達諾·布魯諾，初名菲利波·布魯諾，一五四八年生，一六〇〇年二月十七日歿，那不勒斯王國諾拉人也。（諾拉，今屬義大利。）哲人、疇家、詩家、宇宙學士也。布魯諾修於多明我會，而施赫爾摩斯密教。[一][二]以宇宙學述論名。其時，哥白尼模範乃新異之學，而布魯諾以名端廣闊之。以星為遠日，自有行星相縈，行星之上，或別有生靈在，此所謂萬世論也。復以宇宙無垠，無所為心。一五九三年，布魯諾控以異端於教斷司，坐非天主教要旨，如地獄、三一、基督聖性、聖母童貞、聖餐變質之疇。泛神論之崇，[三]輪迴說之教，亦為要端。坐辜，一六〇〇年刑系柱燔死於花田墟。身後，聲名甚著，十九、二十世紀之評者尤美之以殉道格致[四]，唯史家公認，布魯諾見罪於哲學、宗教之見，非天文之學耳[五][六][七][八][九] 。雖然，布魯諾案傍堠於理想不羈之史、現世格致之生焉。天文以外，布魯諾多有識藝之作，略理助憶之術、則云。史家弗蘭西斯葉芝以布魯諾深受大食天文（尤以伊本魯世德為最[一〇]）、新柏拉圖家、復興世赫爾摩斯家、托特臆史之近創世紀者之流化[一一]。布魯諾學所餘者，亦有以定質攻疇學、用幾何行宇之端於語文者。[一二]
據
[纂]- ↑ Gatti, Hilary. Giordano Bruno and Renaissance Science: Broken Lives and Organizational Power. Cornell University Press, 2002, 1, ISBN 0-801-48785-4
- ↑ Bruno was a mathematician and philosopher, but is not considered an astronomer by the modern astronomical community, as there is no record of him carrying out physical observations, as was the case with Brahe, Kepler, and Galileo. Pogge, Richard W. http://www.astronomy.ohio-state.edu/~pogge/Essays/Bruno.html 1999.
- ↑ Birx, James H. "Giordano Bruno" The Harbinger, Mobile, AL, 11 November 1997. "Bruno was burned to death at the stake for his pantheistic stance and cosmic perspective."
- ↑ Arturo Labriola Giordano Bruno: Martyrs of free thought no. 1
- ↑ Frances Yates, Giordano Bruno and the Hermetic Tradition, Routledge and Kegan Paul, 1964, p. 450
- ↑ Michael J. Crowe, The Extraterrestrial Life Debate 1750–1900, Cambridge University Press, 1986, p. 10, "[Bruno's] sources... seem to have been more numerous than his followers, at least until the eighteenth- and nineteenth-century revival of interest in Bruno as a supposed 'martyr for science.' It is true that he was burned at the stake in Rome in 1600, but the church authorities guilty of this action were almost certainly more distressed at his denial of Christ's divinity and alleged diabolism than at his cosmological doctrines."
- ↑ Adam Frank (2009). The Constant Fire: Beyond the Science vs. Religion Debate, University of California Press, p. 24, "Though Bruno may have been a brilliant thinker whose work stands as a bridge between ancient and modern thought, his persecution cannot be seen solely in light of the war between science and religion."
- ↑ White, Michael (2002). The Pope and the Heretic: The True Story of Giordano Bruno, the Man who Dared to Defy the Roman Inquisition, p. 7. Perennial, New York. "This was perhaps the most dangerous notion of all... If other worlds existed with intelligent beings living there, did they too have their visitations? The idea was quite unthinkable."
- ↑ Shackelford·Joel Galileo goes to jail and other myths about science and religion ：第六十六頁; Cambridge, MA：Harvard University Press;〈Myth 7 That Giordano Bruno was the first martyr of modern science〉 "Yet the fact remains that cosmological matters, notably the plurality of worlds, were an identifiable concern all along and appear in the summary document: Bruno was repeatedly questioned on these matters, and he apparently refused to recant them at the end.14 So, Bruno probably was burned alive for resolutely maintaining a series of heresies, among which his teaching of the plurality of worlds was prominent but by no means singular."
- ↑ Giordano Bruno- Encyclopædia Britannica
- ↑ The primary work on the relationship between Bruno and Hermeticism is Frances Yates, Giordano Bruno and The Hermetic Tradition, 1964; for an alternative assessment, placing more emphasis on the Kabbalah, and less on Hermeticism, see Karen Silvia De Leon-Jones, Giordano Bruno and the Kabbalah, Yale, 1997; for a return to emphasis on Bruno's role in the development of Science, and criticism of Yates' emphasis on magical and Hermetic themes, see Hillary Gatti (1999), Giordano Bruno and Renaissance Science, Cornell.
- ↑ Alessandro G. Farinella and Carole Preston, "Giordano Bruno: Neoplatonism and the Wheel of Memory in the 'De Umbris Idearum'", in Renaissance Quarterly, Vol. 55, No. 2, (Summer, 2002), pp. 596–624; Arielle Saiber, Giordano Bruno and the Geometry of Language, Ashgate, 2005
