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Ganymede (oē-chheⁿ)

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Ganymede
Photograph of Ganymede
Ganymede photographed by Juno in 2021
Hoat-kiàn[1][2]
Hoat-kiàn-chiá Galileo Galilei
Hoat-kiàn ji̍t-chí January 7, 1610
Miâ-hō
Ho͘-im /ˈɡænəˌmd/[3]
GAN-ə-MEED
Hō-miâ iû-lâi
Γανυμήδης, Ganymēdēs
Jupiter Pang-bô͘:Rn
Adjectives Ganymedian,[4]
Ganymedean[5][6] (/ˌɡænəˈmdi.ən/)
Kúi-tō sèng-chit
Kīn-tiám 1069200 km[lower-alpha 1]
Hn̄g-tiám 1071600 km[lower-alpha 2]
1070400 km[7]
Lî-sim-lu̍t 0.0013[7]
7.15455296 d[7]
10.880 km/s
Khi-pêng 2.214° (to the ecliptic)
0.20° (to Jupiter's equator)[7]
Tò lia̍p chheⁿ ê ōe-cheⁿ Jupiter
Bu̍t-lí sèn-chit
Pêng-kin poàn-kéng
2634.1±0.3 km (0.413 Earths)[8]
8.72×107 km2 (0.171 Earths)[lower-alpha 3]
Thé-chek 7.66×1010 km3 (0.0704 Earths)[lower-alpha 4]
Chit-liōng 1.4819×1023 kg (0.025 Earths)[8] (2.02 Moon's) (0.23 Mars')
Pêng-kin bi̍t-tō͘
1.936 g/cm3 (0.351 Earths)[8]
1.428 m/s2 (0.146 g)[lower-alpha 5]
0.3115±0.0028[9]
2.741 km/s[lower-alpha 6]
synchronous
0–0.33°[10]
Hoán-siā-lu̍t 0.43±0.02[11]
Piáu-bīn un-tō͘ siōng-kē pêng-kin siōng-koân
K 70[13] 110[13] 152[14]
°C −203 −163 −121
4.61 (opposition)[11]
4.38 (in 1951)[12]
1.2 to 1.8 arcseconds
Tāi-khì-khoan
Piáu-bīn ap-le̍k
0.2–1.2 µPa (1.97×10−12–1.18×10−11 atm)[15]
Thé-chek cho͘-sêng mostly oxygen[15]

GanymedeBo̍k-chheⁿ 63-ê khak-tēng ê oē-chheⁿ chi it.


  1. Periapsis is derived from the semimajor axis (a) and eccentricity (e): .
  2. Apoapsis is derived from the semimajor axis (a) and eccentricity (e): .
  3. Surface area derived from the radius (r): .
  4. Volume derived from the radius (r): .
  5. Surface gravity derived from the mass (m), the gravitational constant (G) and the radius (r): .
  6. Escape velocity derived from the mass (m), the gravitational constant (G) and the radius (r): .
  1. Galilei, Galileo; translated by Edward Carlos (March 1610). Barker, Peter, pian. "Sidereus Nuncius" (PDF). University of Oklahoma History of Science. goân-loē-iông (PDF) tī December 20, 2005 hőng khó͘-pih. January 13, 2010 khòaⁿ--ê. 
  2. "In Depth | Ganymede". NASA Solar System Exploration. June 16, 2021 khòaⁿ--ê. 
  3. "Ganymede". Oxford English Dictionary (Online pán.). Oxford University Press.  (Subscription or participating institution membership required.)
    "Ganymede". Merriam-Webster Dictionary. 
  4. Quinn Passey & E. M. Shoemaker (1982) "Craters on Ganymede and Callisto", in David Morrison, ed., Satellites of Jupiter, vol. 3, International Astronomical Union, pp. 385–386, 411.
  5. Journal of Geophysical Research, v. 95 (1990).
  6. E. M. Shoemaker et al. (1982) "Geology of Ganymede", in David Morrison, ed., Satellites of Jupiter, vol. 3, International Astronomical Union, pp. 464, 482, 496.
  7. 7.0 7.1 7.2 7.3 "Planetary Satellite Mean Orbital Parameters". Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology. 
  8. 8.0 8.1 8.2 Showman, Adam P.; Malhotra, Renu (October 1, 1999). "The Galilean Satellites" (PDF). Science. 286 (5437): 77–84. doi:10.1126/science.286.5437.77. PMID 10506564. goân-loē-iông (PDF) tī 2011-05-14 hőng khó͘-pih. 2023-01-10 khòaⁿ--ê. 
  9. Schubert, G.; Anderson, J. D.; Spohn, T.; McKinnon, W. B. (2004). "Interior composition, structure and dynamics of the Galilean satellites". Chū Bagenal, F.; Dowling, T. E.; McKinnon, W. B. Jupiter: the planet, satellites, and magnetosphere. New York: Cambridge University Press. pp. 281–306. ISBN 978-0521035453. OCLC 54081598. 
  10. Bills, Bruce G. (2005). "Free and forced obliquities of the Galilean satellites of Jupiter". Icarus. 175 (1): 233–247. Bibcode:2005Icar..175..233B. doi:10.1016/j.icarus.2004.10.028. 
  11. 11.0 11.1 Yeomans, Donald K. (July 13, 2006). "Planetary Satellite Physical Parameters". JPL Solar System Dynamics. November 5, 2007 khòaⁿ--ê. 
  12. Yeomans; Chamberlin. "Horizon Online Ephemeris System for Ganymede (Major Body 503)". California Institute of Technology, Jet Propulsion Laboratory. April 14, 2010 khòaⁿ--ê.  (4.38 on 1951-Oct-03).
  13. 13.0 13.1 Delitsky, Mona L.; Lane, Arthur L. (1998). "Ice chemistry of Galilean satellites" (PDF). J. Geophys. Res. 103 (E13): 31,391–31,403. Bibcode:1998JGR...10331391D. doi:10.1029/1998JE900020. goân-loē-iông (PDF) tī October 3, 2006 hőng khó͘-pih. 
  14. Orton, G. S.; Spencer, G. R.; et al. (1996). "Galileo Photopolarimeter-radiometer observations of Jupiter and the Galilean Satellites". Science. 274 (5286): 389–391. Bibcode:1996Sci...274..389O. doi:10.1126/science.274.5286.389. 
  15. 15.0 15.1 Hall, D. T.; Feldman, P. D.; et al. (1998). "The Far-Ultraviolet Oxygen Airglow of Europa and Ganymede". The Astrophysical Journal. 499 (1): 475–481. Bibcode:1998ApJ...499..475H. doi:10.1086/305604. 

Ên-sin ua̍t-to̍k

[siu-kái | kái goân-sí-bé]
  • Oxford English Dictionary
  • Oxford University Press
  • Merriam-Webster Dictionary

Guā-pōo liân-kiat

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Wikimedia Commons téng ê siong-koan tóng-àn: Ganymede (moon)