N6-甲基腺苷
| N6-甲基腺苷 | |
|---|---|
| |
| IUPAC名 N-Methyladenosine | |
| 别名 | m6A |
| 识别 | |
| CAS号 | 1867-73-8 
|
| PubChem | 102175 |
| ChemSpider | 92307 |
| SMILES |
|
| ChEBI | 21891 |
| 性质 | |
| 化学式 | C11H15N5O4 |
| 摩尔质量 | 281.27 g·mol−1 |
| 若非注明，所有数据均出自标准状态（25 ℃，100 kPa）下。 | |
N6-甲基腺苷（N6-Methyladenosine，簡稱m6A）是真核生物細胞mRNA中最常見的修飾，也見於tRNA、rRNA、snRNA和lncRNA（如Xist）等其他種RNA，細胞RNA中約有0.1%至0.4%的腺苷（A）位點具有此修飾[1]。m6A最早在1970年代即被發現，但未知其功能[2][3]，近年隨著其修飾酶（writer）、去修飾酶（eraser）和識別蛋白（reader）的發現，其修飾機制與功能逐漸明朗。m6A是由一甲基轉移酶複合體修飾，複合體包括METTL3、METTL14、WTAP、RBM15、KIAA1429與METTL5等，可將S-腺苷甲硫氨酸（SAM）上的甲基轉移到RNA的腺苷上[1]；FTO蛋白與ALKBH5則為m6A去甲基酶，可移除RNA上m6A的甲基[1]；具YTH結構域（YT521-B homology domain）的蛋白（YTHDF1、YTHDF2、YTHDF3和YTHDC1等）、IGF2BP1、IGF2BP2、IGF2BP3、FMR1和RBMX等蛋白可與mRNA上的m6A結合，為其識別蛋白，因蛋白種類和RNA序列而異可促進或抑制其轉譯、降解、剪接等[1]。研究m6A轉錄組的技術包括m6A測序（m6A Seq ）、mRNA甲基化测序（MeRIP-seq）、m6A-CLIP與SCARLET等[1]。有數種癌症與m6A修飾的異常有關[4][5][6]。除真核生物外，許多RNA病毒也具有m6A修飾，可能與其感染、複製有關[7][8][9]。
參考文獻
[编辑]
- ^ 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 Zhang C, Fu J, Zhou Y. A Review in Research Progress Concerning m6A Methylation and Immunoregulation.. Front Immunol. 2019, 10: 922. PMC 6497756
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- ^ Kennedy EM, Bogerd HP, Kornepati AV, Kang D, Ghoshal D, Marshall JB, Poling BC, Tsai K, Gokhale NS, Horner SM, Cullen BR. Posttranscriptional m(6)A Editing of HIV-1 mRNAs Enhances Viral Gene Expression. Cell Host & Microbe. May 2016, 19 (5): 675–85. PMC 4867121 . PMID 27117054. doi:10.1016/j.chom.2016.04.002.
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- ^ Lichinchi G, Gao S, Saletore Y, Gonzalez GM, Bansal V, Wang Y, Mason CE, Rana TM. Dynamics of the human and viral m(6)A RNA methylomes during HIV-1 infection of T cells. Nature Microbiology. 2016, 1 (4): 16011. PMC 6053355 . PMID 27572442. doi:10.1038/nmicrobiol.2016.11.
