| abstract |
IN ACCORDANCE WITH CERTAIN OF ITS ASPECTS, THIS INVENTION RELATES TO NOVEL COMPOSITIONS AND TO A PROCESS FOR ELECTRODEPOSITING BRIGHT, STRONGLY LEVELED, DUCTILE COPPER FROM AN AQUEOUS ACIDIC COPPER PLATING BATH CONTAINING CHLORIDE IONS AND AT LEAST ONE MEMBER INDEPENDENTLY SELECTED FROM EACH OF THE FOLLOWING GROUPS: (A) A POLYSULFIDE COMPOUND OF THE FORMULA R''-(S)N-R-SO3M (B) AN OPEN-THIOUREA COMPOUND OF THE FORMULA R1-N(-R2)-C(=S)-N(-R3)-R4 AND/OR TAUTOMERS THEREOF; AND (C) A POLYETHER CONTAINING AT LEAST 5 ETHER OXYGEN ATOMS PER MOLECULE; WHEREIN EACH R IS INDEPENDENTLY A DIVALENT ALIPHATIC OR AROMATIC NON-HETERCYCLIC GROUP OF 1-10 CARBON ATOMS; R'' IS HYDROGEN, A METAL CATION, A MONOVALENT ALIPHATIC OR AROMATIC GROUP OF 1-20 CARBON ATOMS, OR THE GROUPS -R-SO3M OR -R-(S)Q-RSO3M WHEREIN Q IS AN INTEGER 2-5; M IS A CATION; EACH OF R1, R2, R3, AND R4 IS INDEPENDENTLY HYDROGEN OR AN ALKYL, ARYL, ALKENYL, ACETYL, ALDEHYDOALKYL, AMINO, HETERO GROUP HAVING A RING CONTAINING 5-7 RING ATOMS AND AT LEAT ONE HETER-ATOM SELECTED FROM THE GROUP CONSISTING OF OXYGEN, NITROGEN, AND SULFUR; HYDROXYALKYL OR AMINOALKYL GROUP OF 1-6 CARBON ATOMS; WITH AT LEAST ONE R1-4 A HYDROGEN ATOMS; EACH OF R1-2 AND R3-4 MAY FROM A RING WITH EACH OF THE NITROGEN ATOMS; AND N IS AN INTEGER 2-5. |