rum
Translingual
Symbol
rum
English
Pronunciation
Etymology 1
In common use since by at least 1654,[1] of uncertain origin. Theories include:
- that it derives from rum (“fine, good”), or from the last syllable of Latin saccharum (given the harsh taste of earlier rum, the first theory is now considered unlikely),[2]
- that it is a shortening of rumbullion[3] or rumbustion,[4] or
- that it is from a Romani word for "strong, potent" which is (perhaps) the source of ramboozle and rumfustian (but these drinks were not originally made with rum)
- that it derives from rummer, from Dutch roemer[5]
Alternative forms
Noun
rum (countable and uncountable, plural rums)
- (uncountable) A distilled spirit derived from fermented cane sugar and molasses.
- The Royal Navy used to issue a rum ration to sailors.
- (countable) A serving of rum.
- Jake tossed down three rums.
- (countable) A kind or brand of rum.
- Bundaberg is one of my favourite rums.
- Coordinate term: grog
- (obsolete, slang) A strange person or thing.
- (obsolete, slang) A country parson.
- 1729, Jonathan Swift, The Grand Question Debated of Hamilton's Bawn:
- No company comes / But a rabble of tenants, and rusty dull rums.
Synonyms
- (spirit): rumbullion (obsolete)
- (odd person): odd duck, strange fish, weirdo; see also Thesaurus:strange person
- (odd thing): abnormality, deviant, outlier; see also Thesaurus:anomaly
Derived terms
Related terms
Descendants
- Tok Pisin: ram
- → Asturian: ron
- → Belarusian: ром (rom)
- → Burmese: ရမ် (ram)
- → Catalan: rom
- → Chinese: 萊姆/莱姆 (láimǔ)
- → Dutch: rum
- → French: rhum
- → Gamilaraay: yurraamu
- → German: Rum
- → Irish: rum
- → Hindi: रम (ram)
- → Urdu: رَم (ram)
- → Italian: rhum, rum
- → Japanese: ラム (ramu)
- → Korean: 럼 (reom)
- → Maori: rama
- → Mongolian: ром (rom)
- → Norwegian Bokmål: rom
- → Norwegian Nynorsk: rom
- → Polish: rum
- → Romanian: rom (via French and German)
- → Russian: ром (rom), ромъ (rom) — Pre-reform orthography (1918)
- ⇒ Spanish: romo; → ron
- → Telugu: రమ్ము (rammu)
- → Thai: รัม (ram)
- → Ukrainian: ром (rom)
- → Zulu: ulwamu
Translations
|
Etymology 2
From the earlier form rome (“good”, slang); possibly of Romani origin; compare rom.
Adjective
rum (comparative rummer, superlative rummest)
- (obsolete) Fine, excellent, valuable. [16th c.]
- having a rum time
- (UK, informal, dated) Strange, peculiar. [18th c.]
- a rum idea; a rum fellow
- 1838, Boz [pseudonym; Charles Dickens], Oliver Twist; or, The Parish Boy’s Progress. […], volumes (please specify |volume=I, II, or III), London: Richard Bentley, […], →OCLC:
- "Lor, Noah!" said Charlotte, "What a rum creature you are! Why don't you let the boy alone?"
- 1848 November – 1850 December, William Makepeace Thackeray, chapter 27, in The History of Pendennis. […], volume (please specify |volume=I or II), London: Bradbury and Evans, […], published 1849–1850, →OCLC:
- [H]e stared after Pynsent stupidly, and pronounced to the landlord over the counter that he was a rum one.
- 1878, Henry James, An International Episode[1]:
- The young men had exchanged few observations; but in crossing Union Square, in front of the monument to Washington—in the very shadow, indeed, projected by the image of the pater patriae—one of them remarked to the other, “It seems a rum-looking place.”
“Ah, very odd, very odd,” said the other, who was the clever man of the two.
- 1951, C. S. Lewis, Prince Caspian[2]:
- "Can't you see him?"
"Well, I almost thought I did—for a moment. It's such a rum light."
- 1976, James Herriot, All Things Wise and Wonderful, page 346:
- "She's as 'appy as Larry, but she'll neither move nor eat. It's a rum 'un, isn't it?" It was very rum indeed.
Synonyms
- (fine, excellent, valuable): exceptional, pukka, top-notch; see also Thesaurus:excellent
- (strange, peculiar): bizarre, queer, rummy; see also Thesaurus:strange
Derived terms
Noun
rum (plural rums)
- (British, colloquial, dated) Any odd person or thing.
Derived terms
Etymology 3
Shortening of rummy.
Noun
rum
Derived terms
References
- ^ In that year, Connecticut ordered confiscation of "whatsoever Barbados liquors, commonly called rum, kill devil and the like". See Charles A. Coulombe, Rum (2005, →ISBN.
- ^ Wayne Curtis, And a Bottle of Rum (2006, Random House, →ISBN, pages 34–35.
- ^ “rum”, in Merriam-Webster Online Dictionary, Springfield, Mass.: Merriam-Webster, 1996–present.
- ^ “rum”, in Dictionary.com Unabridged, Dictionary.com, LLC, 1995–present.
- ^ Anthony Dias Blue, The Complete Book of Spirits : A Guide to Their History, Production, and Enjoyment (2004, HarperCollins, →ISBN
See also
- rum-tum (probably etymologically unrelated)
Further reading
- rum on Wikipedia.Wikipedia
- “rum”, in OneLook Dictionary Search.
- James A. H. Murray et al., editors (1884–1928), “Rum, sb.¹”, in A New English Dictionary on Historical Principles (Oxford English Dictionary), volume VIII, Part 1 (Q–R), London: Clarendon Press, →OCLC, page 886.
- James A. H. Murray et al., editors (1884–1928), “† Rum, sb.²”, in A New English Dictionary on Historical Principles (Oxford English Dictionary), volume VIII, Part 1 (Q–R), London: Clarendon Press, →OCLC, page 886, column 3.
- James A. H. Murray et al., editors (1884–1928), “† Rum, sb.³”, in A New English Dictionary on Historical Principles (Oxford English Dictionary), volume VIII, Part 1 (Q–R), London: Clarendon Press, →OCLC, page 886, column 3.
- James A. H. Murray et al., editors (1884–1928), “Rum, a.¹”, in A New English Dictionary on Historical Principles (Oxford English Dictionary), volume VIII, Part 1 (Q–R), London: Clarendon Press, →OCLC, page 886, column 3.
- James A. H. Murray et al., editors (1884–1928), “Rum, a.²”, in A New English Dictionary on Historical Principles (Oxford English Dictionary), volume VIII, Part 1 (Q–R), London: Clarendon Press, →OCLC, pages 886–887.
- James A. H. Murray et al., editors (1884–1928), “† Rum, v.”, in A New English Dictionary on Historical Principles (Oxford English Dictionary), volume VIII, Part 1 (Q–R), London: Clarendon Press, →OCLC, page 887, column 1.
Anagrams
Chuukese
Etymology
Noun
rum
Czech
Pronunciation
Etymology 1
Borrowed from German Rum, from English rum, originally rumbullion.[1]
Noun
rum m inan
Declension
Etymology 2
Probably from German Rummel (“bustle”).[2]
Noun
rum m inan
Declension
Derived terms
References
Further reading
- “rum”, in Příruční slovník jazyka českého (in Czech), 1935–1957
- “rum”, in Slovník spisovného jazyka českého (in Czech), 1960–1971, 1989
- “rum”, in Internetová jazyková příručka (in Czech)
Danish
Pronunciation
Etymology 1
From Old Norse rúm, from Proto-Germanic *rūmą (“room, open space”), cognate with English room, German Raum, Dutch ruim, Gothic 𐍂𐌿𐌼 (rum).
Noun
rum n (singular definite rummet, plural indefinite rum)
- room (part of a building)
- compartment
- (chiefly definite) space (the universe except Earth and its atmosphere)
- De fravalgte at udforske rummet.
- They chose not to explore space.
- rumfarttøj (“space vehicle”), rumrejse (“space travel”)
Declension
Derived terms
- aftrædelsesrum
- aktivitetsrum
- arbejdsrum
- backstagerum
- baderum
- bagrum
- beboelsesrum
- bederum
- beskyttelsesrum
- bollerum
- børnerum
- computerrum
- depotrum
- ekkorum
- fitnessrum
- fixerum
- forrum
- fryserum
- fyrrum
- fællesrum
- førerrum
- gennemgangsrum
- grupperum
- gæsterum
- gårdrum
- handlerum
- hobbyrum
- hvilerum
- kedelrum
- kirkerum
- klipperum
- kommandorum
- konferencerum
- kontrolrum
- kælderrum
- kølerum
- lagerrum
- legerum
- loftrum
- loftsrum
- mandskabsrum
- maskinrum
- motionsrum
- musikrum
- møderum
- omklædningsrum
- operationsrum
- operatørrum
- opholdsrum
- panikrum
- personalerum
- portrum
- prøverum
- puderum
- pulterrum
- puslerum
- redigeringsrum
- redskabsrum
- refleksionsrum
- rygerrum
- rygerum
- scenerum
- siderum
- sikringsrum
- situationsrum
- skralderum
- sminkerum
- soverum
- stillerum
- stofindtagelsesrum
- sundhedsrum
- teaterrum
- tilflugtsrum
- toiletrum
- trapperum
- tørrerum
- uderum
- udstillingsrum
- vagtrum
- vaskerum
- venterum
- viktualierum
Etymology 2
From Old Norse rúmr, from Proto-Germanic *rūmaz (“roomy, spacious, open”), cognate with English room (archaic), German raum (archaic), Dutch ruim, Gothic 𐍂𐌿𐌼𐍃 (rums). Related to the noun.
Adjective
rum (neuter rumt, plural and definite singular attributive rumme)
Inflection
Inflection of rum | |||
---|---|---|---|
Positive | Comparative | Superlative | |
Indefinte common singular | rum | rummere | rummest2 |
Indefinite neuter singular | rumt | rummere | rummest2 |
Plural | rumme | rummere | rummest2 |
Definite attributive1 | rumme | rummere | rummeste |
1) When an adjective is applied predicatively to something definite, the corresponding "indefinite" form is used. 2) The "indefinite" superlatives may not be used attributively. |
Etymology 3
See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.
Verb
rum
- imperative of rumme
Dutch
Etymology
Pronunciation
Noun
rum m (uncountable)
- rum (alcoholic beverage)
Derived terms
Descendants
Further reading
- rum (drank) on the Dutch Wikipedia.Wikipedia nl
Fiji Hindi
Etymology
Pronunciation
Noun
rum
References
German
Etymology
From dialectal German (e)rum, reduced form of herum and in some dialects darum.
Pronunciation
Adverb
rum
- (colloquial) Alternative form of herum (“around”)
Usage notes
- While most or all instances of standard herum can be replaced with rum in the vernacular, compounds that are inherently colloquial will typically sound odd when herum is used in them. These will appear in writing with rum or not at all.
Derived terms
Gothic
Romanization
rum
- Romanization of 𐍂𐌿𐌼
Hungarian
Etymology
Borrowed from German Rum,[1] from English rum.
Pronunciation
Noun
rum (plural rumok)
- rum (a distilled spirit)
Declension
Inflection (stem in -o-, back harmony) | ||
---|---|---|
singular | plural | |
nominative | rum | rumok |
accusative | rumot | rumokat |
dative | rumnak | rumoknak |
instrumental | rummal | rumokkal |
causal-final | rumért | rumokért |
translative | rummá | rumokká |
terminative | rumig | rumokig |
essive-formal | rumként | rumokként |
essive-modal | — | — |
inessive | rumban | rumokban |
superessive | rumon | rumokon |
adessive | rumnál | rumoknál |
illative | rumba | rumokba |
sublative | rumra | rumokra |
allative | rumhoz | rumokhoz |
elative | rumból | rumokból |
delative | rumról | rumokról |
ablative | rumtól | rumoktól |
non-attributive possessive - singular |
rumé | rumoké |
non-attributive possessive - plural |
ruméi | rumokéi |
Possessive forms of rum | ||
---|---|---|
possessor | single possession | multiple possessions |
1st person sing. | rumom | rumjaim |
2nd person sing. | rumod | rumjaid |
3rd person sing. | rumja | rumjai |
1st person plural | rumunk | rumjaink |
2nd person plural | rumotok | rumjaitok |
3rd person plural | rumjuk | rumjaik |
Derived terms
References
- ^ rum in Zaicz, Gábor (ed.). Etimológiai szótár: Magyar szavak és toldalékok eredete (‘Dictionary of Etymology: The origin of Hungarian words and affixes’). Budapest: Tinta Könyvkiadó, 2006, →ISBN. (See also its 2nd edition.)
Further reading
- rum in Bárczi, Géza and László Országh. A magyar nyelv értelmező szótára (“The Explanatory Dictionary of the Hungarian Language”, abbr.: ÉrtSz.). Budapest: Akadémiai Kiadó, 1959–1962. Fifth ed., 1992: →ISBN
Irish
Etymology
Noun
rum m (genitive singular rum, nominative plural rumanna)
Declension
Bare forms
|
Forms with the definite article
|
Further reading
- Ó Dónaill, Niall (1977) “rum”, in Foclóir Gaeilge–Béarla, Dublin: An Gúm, →ISBN
Italian
Alternative forms
Etymology
Unadapted borrowing from English rum.
Pronunciation
Noun
rum m (invariable)
- rum (distilled spirit)
Derived terms
Kashubian
Etymology
Borrowed from German Low German Ruum.
Pronunciation
Noun
rum m inan
Further reading
- “rum”, in Internetowi Słowôrz Kaszëbsczégò Jãzëka [Internet Dictionary of the Kashubian Language], Fundacja Kaszuby, 2022
Lower Sorbian
Etymology
Borrowed from German Low German Ruum, from Middle Low German rûm, Old Saxon rūm, from Proto-West Germanic *rūm.
Pronunciation
Noun
rum m inan (diminutive rumk)
Declension
Derived terms
Old English
Pronunciation
Etymology 1
From Proto-West Germanic *rūm. Cognate with Old Saxon rūm, Dutch ruim, Old High German rūm, Old Norse rúmr, Gothic 𐍂𐌿𐌼𐍃 (rums).
Adjective
rūm
- spacious, roomy
- long, extended (of time)
- liberal, extensive, ample, abundant, bountiful, expansive, generous
Declension
Singular | Masculine | Feminine | Neuter |
---|---|---|---|
Nominative | rūm | rūm | rūm |
Accusative | rūmne | rūme | rūm |
Genitive | rūmes | rūmre | rūmes |
Dative | rūmum | rūmre | rūmum |
Instrumental | rūme | rūmre | rūme |
Plural | Masculine | Feminine | Neuter |
Nominative | rūme | rūma, rūme | rūm |
Accusative | rūme | rūma, rūme | rūm |
Genitive | rūmra | rūmra | rūmra |
Dative | rūmum | rūmum | rūmum |
Instrumental | rūmum | rūmum | rūmum |
Etymology 2
From Proto-West Germanic *rūm.
Noun
rūm n or m
- room, space
- a space of time, an interval
- opportunity
Declension
- Neuter
- Masculine
Derived terms
Descendants
Pennsylvania German
Etymology
Adverb
rum
Polish
Pronunciation
Etymology 1
Noun
rum m inan
Derived terms
Etymology 2
Borrowed from Middle High German rūm, roum, from Old High German rūm, from Proto-Germanic *rūmą.
Noun
rum m inan
Declension
Further reading
- rum in Wielki słownik języka polskiego, Instytut Języka Polskiego PAN
- rum in Polish dictionaries at PWN
Portuguese
Pronunciation
- Rhymes: -ũ
- Hyphenation: rum
Noun
rum m (plural runs)
Romanian
Noun
rum n (plural rumuri)
- Alternative form of rom
Sumerian
Romanization
rum
- Romanization of 𒀸 (rum)
Swedish
Etymology
From Old Norse rúm, from Proto-Germanic *rūmą, from Proto-Indo-European *rowǝ-.
Pronunciation
Noun
rum n
- a room (in a building)
- Jag vill ha en lägenhet med två rum
- I want a flat with two rooms
- space, room
- Har du rum i din väska så att du kan lägga ner min bok också?
- Do you have room in your bag so that you could put my book in it too?
- det kröka rummet
- curved space
- (mathematics) a space
- linjärt rum
- linear space
Declension
Derived terms
- arbetsrum
- badrum
- bergrum
- dagrum
- dubbelrum
- duschrum
- enkelrum
- fikarum
- finrum
- förhörsrum
- förrum
- förrådsrum
- förvaringsrum
- hotellrum
- hörnrum
- kapprum
- klassrum
- klubbrum
- krigsrum
- kylrum
- lekrum
- matrum
- miljörum
- omklädningsrum
- panikrum
- pannrum
- provrum
- rumsnyckel
- rumsren
- sammanträdesrum
- skyddsrum
- skötrum
- soprum
- sovrum
- spelrum
- stora rummet
- säkerhetsrum
- tjänsterum
- torkrum
- tv-rum
- vardagsrum
- vindsrum
- väntrum
Related terms
See also
References
- rum in Svensk ordbok (SO)
- rum in Svenska Akademiens ordlista (SAOL)
- rum in Svenska Akademiens ordbok (SAOB)
Anagrams
Tarifit
Noun
rum pl (Tifinagh spelling ⵔⵓⵎ)
Tok Pisin
Etymology
Noun
rum
Vietnamese
Pronunciation
Noun
rum
- Translingual lemmas
- Translingual symbols
- ISO 639-2
- English 1-syllable words
- English terms with IPA pronunciation
- English terms with audio pronunciation
- Rhymes:English/ʌm
- Rhymes:English/ʌm/1 syllable
- English terms derived from Latin
- English terms derived from Romani
- English terms derived from Dutch
- English lemmas
- English nouns
- English uncountable nouns
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- British English
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- en:Distilled beverages
- Chuukese terms borrowed from English
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- Chuukese lemmas
- Chuukese nouns
- Czech terms with IPA pronunciation
- Czech terms borrowed from German
- Czech terms derived from German
- Czech terms derived from English
- Czech lemmas
- Czech nouns
- Czech masculine nouns
- Czech inanimate nouns
- Czech masculine inanimate nouns
- Czech hard masculine inanimate nouns
- cs:Alcoholic beverages
- Danish terms with IPA pronunciation
- Rhymes:Danish/ɔm
- Rhymes:Danish/ɔm/1 syllable
- Danish terms inherited from Old Norse
- Danish terms derived from Old Norse
- Danish terms inherited from Proto-Germanic
- Danish terms derived from Proto-Germanic
- Danish lemmas
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- Rhymes:Dutch/ʏm
- Rhymes:Dutch/ʏm/1 syllable
- Dutch lemmas
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- Dutch uncountable nouns
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- nl:Distilled beverages
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- Rhymes:Hungarian/um
- Rhymes:Hungarian/um/1 syllable
- Hungarian lemmas
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- Hungarian three-letter words
- hu:Alcoholic beverages
- Irish terms borrowed from English
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- Irish lemmas
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- ga:Distilled beverages
- Italian terms borrowed from English
- Italian unadapted borrowings from English
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- Italian 1-syllable words
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- Rhymes:Italian/um
- Rhymes:Italian/um/1 syllable
- Italian lemmas
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- Italian indeclinable nouns
- Italian countable nouns
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- it:Alcoholic beverages
- Kashubian terms borrowed from German Low German
- Kashubian terms derived from German Low German
- Kashubian terms with IPA pronunciation
- Rhymes:Kashubian/um
- Rhymes:Kashubian/um/1 syllable
- Kashubian lemmas
- Kashubian nouns
- Kashubian masculine nouns
- Kashubian inanimate nouns
- Lower Sorbian terms derived from Proto-Germanic
- Lower Sorbian terms borrowed from German Low German
- Lower Sorbian terms derived from German Low German
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- Pennsylvania German lemmas
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- Polish 1-syllable words
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- Rhymes:Polish/um
- Rhymes:Polish/um/1 syllable
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- Polish terms borrowed from Middle High German
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- pl:Geology
- pl:Distilled beverages
- pl:Landforms
- pl:Rocks
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- Rhymes:Portuguese/ũ
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- pt:Alcoholic beverages
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- sv:Mathematics
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- tpi:Rooms
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