蚤

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蚤 U+86A4, 蚤
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-86A4
← 蚣
[U+86A3] 		CJK Unified Ideographs 蚥 →
[U+86A5]

Translingual

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Han character

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蚤 (Kangxi radical 142, 虫+4, 10 strokes, cangjie input 水戈中一戈 (EILMI), four-corner 17136, composition ⿱㕚虫(TJKV) or ⿱叉虫(G))

Derived characters

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References

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  • Kangxi Dictionary: page 1078, character 20
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 32893
  • Dae Jaweon: page 1547, character 19
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 4, page 2836, character 3
  • Unihan data for U+86A4

Chinese

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trad. 蚤
simp. # 蚤

Glyph origin

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Historical forms of the character 蚤
Warring States Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han) Liushutong (compiled in Ming)
Chu slip and silk script Small seal script Transcribed ancient scripts
Characters in the same phonetic series (蚤) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 
Old Chinese
蚤 *ʔsuːʔ
慅 *sʰuːʔ, *suː
騷 *suː
搔 *suː
鰠 *suː
溞 *suː
颾 *suː
瘙 *suːs
瑵 *ʔsruːʔ
糔 *suʔ
鼜 *sʰɯːwɢ

Ideogrammic compound (會意／会意) : 虫 (“insect”) + 㕚 (“claw”) – a scratching insect/pest.

Pronunciation

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Rime
Character 蚤
Reading # 1/1
Initial (聲) 精 (13)
Final (韻) 豪 (89)
Tone (調) Rising (X)
Openness (開合) Open
Division (等) I
Fanqie 子晧切
Baxter tsawX
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang 		/t͡sɑuX/
Pan
Wuyun 		/t͡sɑuX/
Shao
Rongfen 		/t͡sɑuX/
Edwin
Pulleyblank 		/t͡sawX/
Li
Rong 		/t͡sɑuX/
Wang
Li 		/t͡sɑuX/
Bernard
Karlgren 		/t͡sɑuX/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex 		zǎo
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex 		zou2
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character 蚤
Reading # 1/1
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin) 		zǎo
Middle
Chinese 		‹ tsawX ›
Old
Chinese 		/*tsˁuʔ/
English flea

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 蚤
Reading # 1/1
No. 16552
Phonetic
component 		蚤
Rime
group 		幽
Rime
subdivision 		1
Corresponding
MC rime 		早
Old
Chinese 		/*ʔsuːʔ/

Definitions

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蚤

  1. flea
  2. † Alternative form of 早

Synonyms

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Dialectal synonyms of 跳蚤 (“flea”) [map]
Variety Location Words
Classical Chinese 蚤
Formal (Written Standard Chinese) 跳蚤
Northeastern Mandarin Beijing 虼子, 跳蚤
Taiwan 跳蚤
Harbin 虼蚤, 虼子
Olginsky (Mikhaylovka) 跳兒蚤, 跳子
Jilu Mandarin Jinan 虼蚤
Jiaoliao Mandarin Yantai (Muping) 虼蚤
Central Plains Mandarin Wanrong 虼蚤
Xi'an 虼蚤
Xining 虼蚤
Xuzhou 虼子, 跳蚤
Sokuluk (Gansu Dungan) 虼蚤
Lanyin Mandarin Yinchuan 虼子
Ürümqi 虼蚤
Southwestern Mandarin Chengdu 虼蚤
Wuhan 虼蚤
Guiyang 虼蚤, 跳蚤
Guilin 跳蚤
Liuzhou 跳蚤, 狗蝨
Jianghuai Mandarin Nanjing 虼蚤
Yangzhou 虼蚤
Hefei 虼蚤
Cantonese Guangzhou 狗蝨
Hong Kong 跳蝨, 狗蝨
Hong Kong (San Tin Weitou) 跳蚤
Hong Kong (Kam Tin Weitou) 狗蝨
Hong Kong (Ting Kok) 狗蝨
Hong Kong (Tung Ping Chau) 狗蝨
Macau 狗蝨
Guangzhou (Panyu) 狗蝨
Guangzhou (Huashan, Huadu) 狗蝨
Guangzhou (Conghua) 狗蝨
Guangzhou (Zengcheng) 狗蝨
Foshan 狗蝨
Foshan (Shatou, Nanhai) 狗蝨
Foshan (Shunde) 狗蝨
Foshan (Sanshui) 狗蝨
Foshan (Mingcheng, Gaoming) 狗蝨
Zhongshan (Shiqi) 狗蝨
Zhuhai (Qianshan, Xiangzhou) 狗蝨
Zhuhai (Shangheng, Doumen; Tanka) 狗蝨
Zhuhai (Doumen) 狗蝨
Jiangmen (Baisha) 狗蝨
Jiangmen (Xinhui) 狗蝨
Taishan 狗蝨
Kaiping (Chikan) 狗蝨
Enping (Niujiang) 狗蝨
Heshan (Yayao) 狗蝨
Dongguan 狗蝨
Shenzhen (Shajing, Bao'an) 狗蝨
Qingyuan 狗蝨
Fogang 狗蝨
Yingde (Hanguang) 狗蝨
Yangshan 狗蝨
Lianshan (Butian) 狗蝨
Lianzhou (Qingshui Sihui) 狗蝨
Shaoguan 狗蝨
Shaoguan (Qujiang) 狗蝨
Renhua 狗蝨
Lechang 狗蝨
Zhaoqing (Gaoyao) 狗蝨, 沙蝨 small
Sihui 狗蝨
Guangning 狗蝨
Deqing 狗蝨
Huaiji 狗蝨
Fengkai (Nanfeng) 狗蝨
Yunfu 狗蝨
Xinxing 狗蝨
Luoding 狗蝨
Yunan (Pingtai) 狗蝨
Yangjiang 狗蝨
Xinyi 狗蝨
Maoming (Xinpo) 狗蝨
Lianjiang 狗蝨
Nanning 跳蝨, 狗蝨
Wuzhou 跳蝨, 狗蝨
Yulin 狗蝨
Hepu (Lianzhou) 狗蝨
Guiping 狗蝨
Mengshan (Xihe) 狗蝨
Guigang (Nanjiang) 狗蝨
Beiliu (Tangliao) 狗蝨
Baise 狗蝨
Bobai 狗蝨
Lingshan 狗蝨
Pubei 狗蝨
Qinzhou 狗蝨
Beihai 狗蝨
Ningming 狗蝨
Hengzhou 狗蝨
Hezhou (Pumen, Babu) 狗蝨
Kuala Lumpur (Guangfu) 狗蝨
Gan Nanchang 虼蚤
Lichuan 跳蚤
Pingxiang 狗蚤
Hakka Meixian 狗蝨
Huizhou (Huicheng Bendihua) 狗蝨
Huiyang 狗蝨
Dongguan (Qingxi) 狗蝨
Boluo (Bendihua) 狗蝨
Shenzhen (Shatoujiao) 狗蝨
Zhongshan (Nanlang Heshui) 狗蝨
Heyuan (Bendihua) 狗蝨
Longchuan (Tuocheng Bendihua) 狗蝨
Heping (Linzhai Bendihua) 狗蝨
Lianping (Longjie Bendihua) 狗蝨
Wengyuan 狗蝨
Liannan 狗蝨
Guangzhou (Lütian, Conghua) 狗蝨
Jiexi 狗蝨
Zhao'an (Xiuzhuan) 狗蝨
Changting 跳蚤
Wuping (Yanqian) 狗蝨
Wuping (Pingyu) 狗蝨
Ninghua 跳蚤
Yudu 狗蚤
Ningdu 跳蚤
Tonggu (Sandu) 狗蚤
Ganzhou (Panlong) 狗蚤
Dayu 狗蚤
Miaoli (N. Sixian) 跳蚤
Pingtung (Neipu; S. Sixian) 跳蚤
Hsinchu County (Zhudong; Hailu) 跳蚤
Taichung (Dongshi; Dabu) 跳蚤
Hsinchu County (Qionglin; Raoping) 跳蚤
Yunlin (Lunbei; Zhao'an) 蝨嫲
Hong Kong 狗蝨
Yangxi (Tangkou) 狗蝨
Yangchun (Sanjia) 狗蝨
Xinyi (Sihe) 狗蝨
Xinyi (Qianpai) 狗蝨
Gaozhou (Xindong) 狗蝨
Maoming (Shalang, Dianbai) 狗蝨
Huazhou (Xin'an) 狗蝨
Lianjiang (Shijiao) 狗蝨
Lianjiang (Qingping) 狗蝨
Mengshan (Xihe) 狗蝨
Luchuan 狗蝨
Senai (Huiyang) 狗蝨
Huizhou Jixi 虼蚤
Jin Taiyuan 虼蚤
Northern Min Jian'ou 虼蚤
Eastern Min Fuzhou 虼蚤
Southern Min Xiamen 虼蚤
Xiamen (Tong'an) 虼蚤
Quanzhou 虼蚤
Jinjiang 虼蚤
Zhangzhou 虼蚤
Taipei 虼蚤
Kaohsiung 虼蚤
Manila (Hokkien) 虼蚤, 狗蝨
Pingnan (Shangdu) 狗蝨
Chaozhou 虼蚤, 跳蚤
Shantou 虼蚤, 跳蚤
Shantou (Chenghai) 虼蚤
Jieyang 虼蚤, 跳蚤
Haifeng 虼蚤
Bangkok (Teochew) 狗蝨
Johor Bahru (Teochew) 蝨
Pontianak (Teochew) 跳蚤
Leizhou 虼蚤
Haikou 虼蚤
Puxian Min Putian 虼蚤
Putian (Donghai, Chengxiang) 虼蚤
Putian (Jiangkou, Hanjiang) 虼蚤
Putian (Nanri, Xiuyu) 虼蚤
Xianyou 虼蚤
Xianyou (Fengting) 虼蚤
Xianyou (Youyang) 虼蚤
Fuding (Aoyao) 虼蚤
Southern Pinghua Nanning (Tingzi) 狗蝨
Wu Shanghai 蚤蝨, 跳蝨, 鑽佬
Shanghai (Chongming) 跳蝨
Suzhou 跳蝨
Ningbo 跳蚤
Wenzhou 跳蚤, 蚤
Xiang Changsha 虼蚤, 狗蝨, 虼蚤子
Loudi 狗子
Shuangfeng 狗子

Compounds

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Japanese

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Kanji

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蚤

(Hyōgai kanji)

Readings

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  • Go-on: そう (sō)
  • Kan-on: そう (sō)
  • Kun: のみ (nomi, 蚤)、はやい (hayai)

Etymology

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Kanji in this term
蚤
のみ
Hyōgai
kun'yomi
Japanese Wikipedia has an article on:
Wikipedia ja
蚤 (nomi): an illustration of a flea.

Possibly derived from 飲み (nomi), the nominalized 連用形 (ren'yōkei, “continuative or stem form”) of verb 飲む (nomu, “to drink”), from the way that fleas drink the host's blood.

Pronunciation

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Noun

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蚤(のみ) or 蚤(ノミ) • (nomi) 

  1. flea (parasitic insect)

Usage notes

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As with many terms that name organisms, this term is often spelled in katakana, especially in biological contexts (where katakana is customary), as ノミ.

Derived terms

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Idioms

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Idioms

References

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  1. ^ Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN
  2. ^ Kindaichi, Kyōsuke et al., editors (1997), 新明解国語辞典 [Shin Meikai Kokugo Jiten] (in Japanese), Fifth edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN

Korean

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Hanja

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蚤 (eum 조 (jo))

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Okinawan

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Kanji

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蚤

(Hyōgai kanji)

  1. flea

Readings

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Etymology

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Kanji in this term
蚤
ぬみ
Hyōgai
kun'yomi

Cognate with Japanese 蚤 (nomi).

Pronunciation

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Noun

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蚤(ぬみ) (numi) 

  1. flea

Vietnamese

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Han character

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蚤: Hán Nôm readings: tao

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.
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