Reconstruction:Proto-Austronesian/kuCu

This Proto-Austronesian entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Austronesian

Etymology

Compare Proto-Kra *C-ʈuᴬ ("louse") and Proto-Hlai *Cuʈʂhuː (“louse”) (from Pre-Hlai *Cuʈuː). Compare also Old Chinese 蚤 (*ʔsuːʔ, “flea”) /*tsˤuʔ/ (B-S).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /kut͡su/

Noun

*kuCu

1. louse (insect)

Descendants

• Saisiyat: koso'
• Pazeh: kusu
• Thao: kucu
• Papora: ucu
• East Formosan
  • Kavalan: qutu
  • Amis: koto
  • Sakizaya: kutu
• Tsou: 'cuu
• Kanakanabu: kucu
• Saaroa: kucu'u
• Bunun: kutu
• Rukai: kucu
• Puyuma: kutru
• Paiwan: kucu
• Proto-Malayo-Polynesian: *kutu
  • Proto-Philippine: *kutu
    • Bikol Central: kuto
    • Cebuano: kuto
    • Dupaningan Agta: kutu
    • Ilocano: kuto
    • Kapampangan: kutu
    • Limos Kalinga: kutu
    • Northern Catanduanes Bicolano: kuto
    • Tagalog: kuto
    • Waray-Waray: kuto
  • Basap–Greater Barito
    • Sama-Bajaw
      • Yakan: kutu
      • Mapun: kutu
      • West Coast Bajau: kutu
    • Basap: kutu
    • Mahakam
      • Tunjung: kutu
    • East Barito
      • Ma'anyan: kutu
      • Dusun Witu: kutu
  • North Bornean
    • Northeast Sabahan
      • Bonggi: kutu
      • Ida'an: kutu
    • Southwest Sabahan
      • Dusunic
        • Central Dusun: kutu
        • Rungus: kutu
        • Tobilung: kutu
      • Paitanic
        • Upper Kinabatangan: kutu
      • Murutic
        • Timugon Murut: kutu
    • North Sarawakan
      • Bintulu: kutau
      • Berawan–Lower Baram
        • Berawan: kuttoh
      • Kenyah
        • Bakung: kutu
        • Eastern Penan: guteu
    • Central Sarawakan
      • Central Melanau: kutou
      • Kanowit: kutou
  • Proto-Malayo-Sumbawan:
    • Proto-Chamic: *kutɔw
    • Proto-Malayic: *kutu
      • Iban: kutu
      • Kendayan: gutu
      • Malayan:
        • Brunei Malay: kutu
        • Kerinci: kutow, kutaw
        • Malay: kutu
          • → English: cootie
          • Indonesian: kutu
        • Minangkabau: kutu
        • Pattani Malay: کوتو / กูตู
      • Urak Lawoi': ฆูตู (gutu)
    • Bali–Sasak–Sumbawa
      • Balinese: kutu
      • Sasak: gutu
      • Sumbawa: gutu
    • Sundanese: kutu
    • Madurese: koto
  • Javanese: kutu
  • South Sulawesi
    • Buginese: utu
  • Chamorro: hutu
  • Proto-Central-Eastern Malayo-Polynesian: *kutu
    • Central Malayo-Polynesian
      • Bima: hudu
    • Eastern Malayo-Polynesian
      • Halmahera-Cenderawasih
        • Buli (Indonesia): ut
      • Proto-Oceanic: *kutu
        • Admiralty Islands
          • Manus
            • West
              • Sori-Harengan: u
              • Bipi: kut
              • Khehek: kuk
            • Intermediate
              • Loniu: kut
              • Mokerang: gut
              • Pak-Tong: gur
            • East
              • Nali: kut
              • Andra-Hus: kut, gut
              • Manus Koro: kut
          • Western
            • Kaniet: uu
            • Wuvulu-Aua: fou'u, fuau'u
          • Southeast
            • Nauna: kut
            • Lou: kut
            • Penchal: kut
        • Southern Oceanic
          • Vanuatu
            • Southern Melanesian
              • South Efate: kuutin
            • South Vanuatu
              • Big Nambas: nahət
        • Western Oceanic
          • North New Guinea
            • Arop-Lokep: kut
          • Meso-Melanesian
            • Tolai: ut
          • Papuan Tip
            • Kilivila–Misima
              • Kilivila: kutu
              • Muyuw: kut
            • Central
              • Sinagoro–Keapara
                • Hula: ɣutu
                • Keapara: gutu
                • Sinaugoro: ḡutu
              • West Central Papuan Tip
                • Motu: utu
                • Mekeo: u'u
                • Roro: uhu
        • Central-Eastern Oceanic
          • Southeast Solomonic
            • 'Are'are: ū
            • To'abaita: quu
          • Southern Oceanic
            • Piamatsina: hutu
            • North Efate: kutu
            • Hiw: ɣit
          • Micronesian
            • Kosraean: kut
            • Chuukese: kúú
            • Woleaian: giusiu
          • Central Pacific
            • West Fijian–Rotuman
              • Rotuman: ʻufu
              • Western Fijian: kutu
            • East Fijian–Polynesian
              • Fijian: kutu
              • Proto-Polynesian: *kutu
                • Proto-Nuclear Polynesian:
                  • Proto-Eastern Polynesian:
                    • Hawaiian: ʻuku
                    • Maori: kutu
                    • Rapa Nui: kutu
                    • Tahitian: ʻutu
                • Tongic:
                  • Tongan: kutu
                  • Niuean: kutu

References

• Blust, Robert & Stephen Trussell, Austronesian Comparative Dictionary – *kuCux.
• 原住民族語言線上詞典 [Online Dictionary of Aboriginal Languages]‎^[1] (in Mandarin), Taipei: Foundation for Research and Development of Aboriginal Languages, 2021