This is a Swadesh list of words in Chavacano English .
For further information, including the full final version of the list, read the Wikipedia article: Swadesh list .American linguist Morris Swadesh believed that languages changed at measurable rates and that these could be determined even for languages without written precursors. Using vocabulary lists, he sought to understand not only change over time but also the relationships of extant languages. To be able to compare languages from different cultures, he based his lists on meanings he presumed would be available in as many cultures as possible. He then used the fraction of agreeing cognates between any two related languages to compute their divergence time by some (still debated) algorithms. Starting in 1950 with 165 meanings, his list grew to 215 in 1952, which was so expansive that many languages lacked native vocabulary for some terms. Subsequently, it was reduced to 207, and reduced much further to 100 meanings in 1955. A reformulated list was published posthumously in 1971.
No.
English
Chavacano Chabacano
1
I
yo
2
you (singular)
tu ( familiar ) , evos ( used with equals ) , usté ( polite )
3
he , she , it
ele
4
we
inclusive: kita exclusive: kame nosotros ( formal )
5
you (plural)
kamo ( informal ) , vosotros ustedes ( formal )
6
they
sila ( informal ) ellos ( formal )
7
this
este
8
that
aquel
9
here
aquí
10
there
allá ( near speaker ) , allí ( far from speaker )
11
who
quien
12
what
que
13
where
donde
14
when
cuando
15
how
que manera que modo
16
not
jendeh
17
all
todo
18
many
mucho
19
some
algunos
20
few
poco
21
other
otro
22
one
uno
23
two
dos
24
three
tres
25
four
cuatro
26
five
cinco
27
big
grande
28
long
largo
29
wide
ancho
30
thick
grueso
31
heavy
pesao
32
small
chiquito
33
short
pequeño
34
narrow
estrecho
35
thin
flaco
36
woman
mujer
37
man (adult male)
hombre
38
man (human being)
gente
39
child
anak niño chiquillo
40
wife
mujer
41
husband
marido
42
mother
mamá nana madre
43
father
papá tata padre
44
animal
animal
45
fish
pescao
46
bird
pájaro
47
dog
perro
48
louse
kuto pulgas ( animal lice )
49
snake
culebra
50
worm
gusano
51
tree
palo pono
52
forest
bosque
53
stick
palito
54
fruit
fruta
55
seed
pipita
56
leaf
hojas
57
root
raíz
58
bark (of a tree)
corteza
59
flower
flores
60
grass
zacate
61
rope
amaro mecate
62
skin
pellejo
63
meat
carne
64
blood
sangre
65
bone
hueso
66
fat (noun)
gordura
67
egg
huevo
68
horn
sungay cuerno
69
tail
rabo
70
feather
pluma
71
hair
pelo
72
head
cabeza
73
ear
orejas
74
eye
ojos
75
nose
nariz
76
mouth
boca
77
tooth
diente
78
tongue (organ)
lengua
79
fingernail
uñas
80
foot
pie
81
leg
pata pierna
82
knee
rodillas
83
hand
mano
84
wing
alas
85
belly
barriga estómago
86
guts
tripa
87
neck
pescuezo
88
back
detrás
89
breast
mama pecho
90
heart
corazón
91
liver
hígado
92
to drink
bebé
93
to eat
comé
94
to bite
mordé
95
to suck
chupá
96
to spit
escupí
97
to vomit
vomitá
98
to blow
soplá
99
to breathe
resollá
100
to laugh
ri
101
to see
mirá
102
to hear
oí
103
to know
conocé sabé
104
to think
pensá
105
to smell
olé
106
to fear
temé
107
to sleep
dormí
108
to live
viví
109
to die
morí
110
to kill
matá
111
to fight
peleá
112
to hunt
cazá
113
to hit
golpeá
114
to cut
cortá
115
to split
partí
116
to stab
apuñalá
117
to scratch
rasguñá rascar
118
to dig
hukay gravá
119
to swim
nadá
120
to fly
volá
121
to walk
caminá
122
to come
vení
123
to lie (as in a bed)
acostá
124
to sit
sentá
125
to stand
pará
126
to turn (intransitive)
virá
127
to fall
cai
128
to give
dale
129
to hold
agarrá
130
to squeeze
apretá
131
to rub
frotá
132
to wash
lavá
133
to wipe
limpiá
134
to pull
estirá hilá
135
to push
rempujá
136
to throw
botá
137
to tie
amará
138
to sew
cosé
139
to count
contá
140
to say
decí
141
to sing
cantá
142
to play
jugá
143
to float
lutaw
144
to flow
fluí
145
to freeze
helá
146
to swell
hinchá
147
sun
sol
148
moon
luna
149
star
estrellas
150
water
agua
151
rain
lluvia
152
river
rió
153
lake
lago
154
sea
mar
155
salt
sal
156
stone
piedra
157
sand
arena
158
dust
polvo
159
earth
tierra
160
cloud
nube
161
fog
neblina
162
sky
cielo
163
wind
viento
164
snow
nieve
165
ice
hielo
166
smoke
humo
167
fire
fuego incendio
168
ash
ceniza
169
to burn
quemá
170
road
camino
171
mountain
montaña monte
172
red
colorao
173
green
verde
174
yellow
amarillo
175
white
blanco
176
black
negro blak
177
night
noche
178
day
día
179
year
año
180
warm
caliente
181
cold
frio
182
full
lleno
183
new
nuevo
184
old
viejo ( of a person ) , daan ( of an object )
185
good
bueno
186
bad
malo
187
rotten
podrido
188
dirty
sucio
189
straight
derecho
190
round
redondo
191
sharp (as a knife)
agudo
192
dull (as a knife)
madumpol mapurol
193
smooth
liso
194
wet
mojao
195
dry
seco
196
correct
correcto
197
near
cerca
198
far
lejos distante
199
right
derecha
200
left
kaliwa izquierda
201
at
en a
202
in
en
203
with
con
204
and
y
205
if
si
206
because
quelaya kasi kay
207
name
nombre
Swadesh lists
Individual languages
Language families, family branches, and geographic groupings
Constructed languages
Reconstructed proto-languages
(edit this template )
